Exam 1 Flashcards
What is health?
A state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.
Defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) since 1948.
What does health promotion mean?
A science of helping people change their lifestyle to move toward a state of optimal health.
What are the goals of health promotion?
Achieve balance of physical, emotional, social, spiritual, and intellectual health.
What are common barriers to health promotion from the provider perspective?
Provider perspective barriers include lack of time, resources, and training.
What are common barriers to health promotion from the patient perspective?
Patient perspective barriers include lack of knowledge, access to care, and socioeconomic factors.
List elements to achieve good health.
- Nutrition
- Tobacco use/Nicotine dependence
- Substance use disorder
- Weight management
How does nutrition impact health?
Nutrition influences all aspects of health and interactions/relationships with others.
What is obesity defined as?
A chronic, progressive, relapsing multifactorial, neurobehavioral disease.
What are some impacts of weight on health?
- Hormones
- Energy homeostasis
- Physical activity
- Genetics
- Maternal/early life influence
- Smoking
- Pharmaceuticals
- Food quality
- Sleep
- Stressors
- Gut microbiome
What are the three levels of disease prevention?
- Primary
- Secondary
- Tertiary
What is the goal of primary prevention?
Prevent a disease before it occurs.
What is the goal of secondary prevention?
Reduce the impact of the disease or injury that has already occurred.
What is the goal of tertiary prevention?
Decrease the impact of an ongoing illness or injury; limit negative effect of the disease.
What makes a good screening test?
- High sensitivity and specificity
- Low cost/simple testing
- Safety
What are unintended consequences of screening?
- Discomfort
- Mental health risks with results
- False positives
- Additional need for more expensive diagnostics
What does EBP stand for?
Evidence-Based Practice.
What is the role of the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research?
Instrumental in leading the way toward EBP, improving outcomes, and publishing national guidelines.
What are the types of vaccines mentioned?
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Herpes Zoster (Shingles)
- Varicella
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV)
- Influenza
- Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)
- Rotavirus
- Tetanus, Diphtheria, Acellular Pertussis (DTaP, Tdap)
- Haemophilus Influenza type B (HIB)
- Polio
- Pneumococcal
- Meningococcal
What is the dosing schedule for the Hepatitis A vaccine in pediatrics?
2 dose series starting at 12 months of age, separated by 6-18 months.
What is the dosing schedule for the Hepatitis B vaccine in pediatrics?
3 doses: Dose 1 at birth, dose 2 at 1-2 months, dose 3 at 6-18 months.
What is the recommended age for the first dose of the HPV vaccine?
Between ages 11-12 years.
True or False: The influenza vaccine should be administered annually to children 6 months and older.
True.
What is the dosing schedule for the MMR vaccine?
2 doses: 1st dose at 12-15 months, 2nd dose at 4-6 years.
Fill in the blank: The goal of _______ prevention is to prevent a disease before it occurs.
[primary]
