Exam 1 Flashcards
The word olfactory is most closely related to which of the following senses?
smell
Total daily calorie needs for adults decrease by how many calories for every decade in people after age 40?
100
Which of the following religions encourages a vegetarian diet?
Seventh-Day Adventist
How many calories equal a pound of body weight?
3500
A product grower may place the USDA Organic label on a product if _________ or more of the ingredients are organic.
95%
What are the five taste stimuli?
sweet, sour, bitter, salty and savory
Why is the odor of just baked bread more intense than the odor of cold foods such as ice cream?
Heat converts many substances into their volatile form. Because only volatile molecules in the form of gas can carry odor, it is much easier to smell hot foods
Give two examples of taste interactions
Salt sprinkled on grapefruit decreases tartness and enhances sweetness. Adding sugar to the point that is not yet tasted decreases salt concentration and also makes acids less sour and coffee and tea less bitter.
How does taste differ from flavor?
Taste relies on the taste buds’ connection to the brain via nerve cells which signal the sensations of sour, salt, bitter, and savory.
What are the four categories of functional food
conventional foods, modified foods, medical foods, and foods for special dietary use
In what analytical sensory test is a tester asked to find the minimal detectable level of a substance?
Dilution
A line spread test is a physical test for measuring
consistency of batters and other viscous foods
A food evaluation containing a range of from “like extremely” to “dislike extremely” is best described as a ______________ test.
hedonic
Which chemical test evaluates the degree of unsaturation in fats?
Iodine value test
What is the chemical method of determining the protein, fat, and carbohydrate content of foods called?
Proximate analysis
What is the word used to describe the process by which water splits a larger molecule into two smaller molecules?
Hydrolysis
Sucrose is an example of a ________
disaccharide
What group is a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?
Vegetable oils
Orange juice that has had calcium added during processing is considered to be _____
fortified
Does addition of solutes to water increase or decrease its freezing point?
decrease
Solute
solid, liquid, or gas compound dissolved in another substance
Solvent
a substance, usually a liquid, in which another substance is dissolved
solution
A completely homogeneous mixture of a solute dissolved in a solvent
Precipitate
to separate or settle out of a solution
