Exam 1 Flashcards
What is a trait
Any observable or measurable characteristics of an individual
Any observers category of measured level of performance for a train in a individual
Phenotype
What is the trait and phenotype of bad temperament
Trait- terperment
Phenotype- bad
How many traits is ideal in a breeding objective?
4
The genetic make up of an animal
Genotype
Genotype + environment =
Phenotype
What are 2 breeding systems of genotypes
-Additive(sections)
-non-additive (mating systems)
What are the 2 factors of non additive mating systems
Dominance and epistasis
What is a example of a non-additive matting system
Throughbred x quarter horse
What are the 4 types of Dominance
-complete
-codominance
-incomplete
-over dominance
What is epistasis
One trait impacted by multiple genes on a loci
What are the 3 factors of environment
1.Permanent
2.Temporary
3.Random error
A classification for animals with similar genotypes for traits of interest
Biological type
A group of interdepend parts
System
Animals, facilities, fixed resources, Managment and economics
Single farm
A 1 unit change in feed =
1 unit change in production
A dependent relationship among components of a system in which the effects any one component depends on other components present in the system
Interaction
A dependent relationship between the genotypes and environments in the which the difference in performance between two, or more , genotypes changes from environment to environment
GxE interactions
A general goal for a breeding program- a notion of what constitutes the best animal
Breeding objectives
Should producers strive to produce the highest level of one given trait
Never single trait breed
Maximizes profitability and or function
Intermediate optimum
Genetic material in the form of live animals, embryos, semen,blood or tissue
Germ Plasm
What percentage is within the elite
1
What Percentage is in the premier
30%
