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Rhetoric 231 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

demagogue

A

a speaker who manipulates an audience & distorts evidence

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2
Q

rhetoric

A

“art of persuasion;” excludes force; grounded in choice; considers ethics; dynamic & developing

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3
Q

common elements of rhetoric

A

speaker, message, audience

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4
Q

classical era

A

5th century BCE - 4th century AD; Greece & Rome; grammatical approach (form and patterns); focus on speaker

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5
Q

18th century

A

England & Scotland; psychological approach (audience’s perception & interpretation); focus on audience

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6
Q

contemporary era

A

1920s - present; U.S., moved to Europe & China; sociological approach (inherent human ability to manipulate & understand symbols); focus on message

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7
Q

polis

A

Greek city-state; shares language & identity

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8
Q

metic

A

a respected outsider in a polis; i.e. Aristotle in Athens

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9
Q

geography of Greece

A

temperate climate; navigation allowed for information sharing & shared understanding

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10
Q

Greek cultural assumptions

A

belief in reason; responsibility to participate in government (free men); sensitivity to form & pattern; respect for human dignity & freedom

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11
Q

arete

A

excellence; started as military, grew to include people, possessions, city-states, etc.

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12
Q

dike

A

justice

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13
Q

kakos

A

harm, injury

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14
Q

delios

A

cowardice

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15
Q

agora

A

marketplace

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16
Q

Greek identity

A

things as organic wholes; excess leads to chaos

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17
Q

epideictic

A

ceremonial speech; i.e. funeral oration

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18
Q

deliberative

A

governmental, legislative speech

19
Q

forensic/judicial

A

legal speech

20
Q

pre-Socratics

A

intellectuals before Socrates; only fragments of their writings exist; tried to explain origin of universe, what constitutes logic & truth

21
Q

epistemological

A

study of knowledge

22
Q

ontological

A

who we are in relation to others

23
Q

Thales

A

believed water was the origin of the universe

24
Q

Anaximenes

A

believed air was the origin of the universe

25
Q

Heracleitus

A

believed fire was the origin of the universe; constant change; nothing can be known through observation, so you must rely on logical thought

26
Q

Empedocles

A

believed love & hate were fundamental emotions; developed organized & reasoned arguments

27
Q

Pythagoras

A

math & numbers were the keys to the universe; introduced idea of the soul

28
Q

Anaximander

A

believed in order, structure, and law-governed societies

29
Q

Xenophanes

A

developed critique & rebuttal; influenced Socrates & Plato

30
Q

Parmenides

A

relation between the way of truth & the way of opinion; opinions based on senses don’t lead to truth

31
Q

Sophists

A

paid, traveling teachers of rhetoric; constant outsiders; taught truth, not Truth; hated by Plato; our knowledge of them is biased

32
Q

4 stages of Sophist speeches

A

poem, narration, confirmation/refutation, peroration

33
Q

Corax & Tsias

A

teacher & student; wrote a theory of rhetoric; introduced probability of one argument succeeding over another

34
Q

techne

A

art of rhetoric

35
Q

nomoi

A

laws & customs of a polis; Sophists taught different places had different nomoi

36
Q

Protagoras of Abdera

A

first self-declared Sophist; “man is the measure of all things”

37
Q

Gorgias of Leontini

A

metic to Athens; recognized for use of figures of speech; lost to Socrates in battle of wits

38
Q

Isocrates

A

student of Gorgias; teacher

39
Q

Pericles

A

student of Gorgias; recognized for funeral orations

40
Q

Thacydides

A

student of Gorgias; historian

41
Q

encomium

A

speech of praise

42
Q

nous

A

mind

43
Q

things to blame instead of Helen/rhetoric

A

fate, force, persuasion, love

Rhetoric 231 (3 decks)

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