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PHL-101 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

What does aporia mean?

A

State of puzzlement

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2
Q

What is the imagined situation of the “allegory of the cave”?

A
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3
Q

What does Plato mean when he discusses the difference between the realm of becoming and the realm of being?

A
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4
Q

Why are Socrates and Euthyphro meeting outside the King-archon’s court?

A
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5
Q

What accuser does Socrates identify in this dialogue and what is his unknown occupation?

A
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6
Q

What is Euthyphro’s self-declared gift?

A
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7
Q

Why is Euthyphro’s explanation of “prosecuting the wrongdoer for murder” not satisfying in Socrates’s search for the nature of piety?

A
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8
Q

How does Euthyphro’s second definition of piety change into the third definition?

A
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9
Q

What is Euthyphro’s Dilemma?

A
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10
Q

What problems arise when choosing horns 1 & 2?

Is the dilemma solved at the end of the dialogue?

A
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11
Q

What are the two ‘horns’ of the dilemma (p.11)?

A
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12
Q

What is “dive command theory of ethics”?

A
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13
Q

What horn of the dilemma represents this theory?

A
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14
Q

Socrates begins his defense by addressing his “earlier/older’ accusers.

What writer/play supports this accusation.

What two points would be written in their affidavit?

A
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15
Q

Who were the sophists?
How were they different from Socrates?

A

People trained in rhetoric (persuasion).

They earned a wage and provided clever advice to the sons of wealthy men and wounded war veterans.

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16
Q

Who are Socrates 3 newer accusers and what are their occupations?

A
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17
Q

What primary question is posed by natural philosophers?

A

What is the source of all living things?

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18
Q

What accusation is being brought forth from Socrates for being accused of being a follower of Anaxagoras?

A
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19
Q

What does the Oracle at Delphi assert about Socrates?

A
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20
Q

Why doesn’t Socrates consider poets, craftsmen, politicians, and orators to be wise?

A
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21
Q

In what way does Socrates consider being wiser than those whom he has confronted?

A
22
Q

What should Meletus have done instead of sending Socrates to trial?

A

Talked to him privately.

23
Q

Within how many votes was Socrates found guilty?

A
24
Q

What counter-penalties did Socrates provide to the jury?

A
25
Q

How do Socrates and Crito interpret Socrates’s dream different?

A
26
Q

What is Crito’s primary motivation for visiting Socrates?

A

Crito tries to convince Socrates to escape. He does not want to lose his friend and feels his reputation will be ruined, if he does not try to save Socrates from execution.

27
Q

What primary question does Socrates examine with Crito?

A
28
Q

What are the two principles Socrates asserts about wrongdoing?

Which one is not agreed by Crito? Why? What social norm is Crito relying on?

A
  1. We should never wrong others.
  2. Never when wronged, inflict a wrong in return.
29
Q

Who’s the third character Socrates introduces to mediate between Socrates and Crito?

A

The laws.

30
Q

If a free citizen does not embrace the Athenian laws, what two options do they have?

A
31
Q

Was Plato present at Socrates execution?

A

No.

32
Q

Who dealt with Socrates body?

A
33
Q

How is Socrates executed?

What poisonous plant?

A

He had to drink Hemlock.

34
Q

What was Asclepius known for doing to human beings?

A

God of medicine and human beings

35
Q

What were Socrates’s last words?

A

We owe a cock to Asclepius, make this offering and don’t forget.

36
Q

What is Aristotle’s Great Chain of Being?

A
37
Q

What is Aristotle’s distinction between capacity and activity?

A
38
Q

What primary question is Augustine trying to answer in Free Choice of the Will?

A

What is the source of our evil doing?

39
Q

What is temporal law?

A

Can be changed in the course of time.

40
Q

What is eternal law?

A

Something stamped on our minds.

41
Q

What are the two will Augustine explains to his friend Evodius?

A

Good will.

42
Q

What are the four virtues associated with possessing a good will?

A

Fortitude, temperance, justice, prudence

43
Q

What is determinism?

A
44
Q

What is freedom?

A
45
Q

What kind of desire deviates away from reason?

A

Inordinate desire

46
Q

What is the good will itself?

A

The will by which we desire to live upright and honorable lives and to attain highest wisdom.

47
Q

What question do Augustine and Evodius wish to pursue?

A

What is the source of our evil doing?

48
Q

Is the will subject to reward/punishment?

A

No.

49
Q

What are the differences between the degrees of being?

A
50
Q

What is the inner sense, and do only humans have it?

A

Yes.

51
Q

What is already stamped in our minds according to Augustine?

A

Happiness and human wisdom, before we even realize it.

52
Q

What question do Augustine and Evodius examine in book 2?

A

Why did God give human beings free choice of the will?

PHL-101 (1 decks)

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