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Anthropology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Archaeology

A

Study of past humans through material remains.

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2
Q

What is cultural anthropology?

A

Study of human cultures, including language, economic, and social systems.

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3
Q

What is biological anthropology?

A

Study of human biology, past and present, including evolution and diversity.

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4
Q

What is linguistic anthropology?

A

Study of human languages and their cultural context.

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5
Q

What is Stratigraphy?

A

Study of soil layers based on the law of superposition. Undisturbed layers are older the lower it goes.

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6
Q

What are artifacts?

A

Human-made objects.

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7
Q

What are ecofacts

A

Organic materials

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8
Q

provenience vs provenance

A

Provenience: exact location where artifacts are found.
Provenance: history of an artifact ownership.

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9
Q

What is Antiquarianism?

A

Early collection of classical art and antiquities.

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10
Q

What is Unilinear Evolution?

A

Savagery –> barbarian –> civilization

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11
Q

What is processual Archaeology?

A

Focus on scientific methods and hypothesis testing.

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12
Q

What is Post-Processual Archaeology?

A

Focus on biases in research and multiple interpretations of the past.

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13
Q

What are biofacts?

A

Organic remains.

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14
Q

What are features?

A

Non-portable elements

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15
Q

What are sites?

A

Location of past human activities.

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16
Q

What is a surface survey?

A

Observing artifacts on the ground.

17
Q

What is a subsurface survey?

A

Using tools like shovel test pits.

18
Q

What is remote sensing?

A

Aerial methods such as LiDAR and satellite images.

19
Q

What is Test Pit Excavation?

A

Sampling small areas.

20
Q

What is a wheeler box grid?

A

Combines verticle and horizontal excavation strategies.

21
Q

What is relative dating?

A

Determining the age of an artifact based on its context.

22
Q

What is absolute dating?

A

Determining an exact age using techniques like dendrochronology and radiocarbon dating.

23
Q

What is experimental archaeology?

A

Replicating past human activities to understand their behavior.

24
Q

What is Lithic Analysis?

A

Study of Stone tools and their production

25
Q

What is ceramic Analysis?

A

study of pottery

26
Q

What is Ecological archaeology?

A

study of human interaction with the environment.

27
Q

Difference between hunting and gathering and Agriculture

A

Hunting and gathering: moving from place to place to find food.
Agriculture: resources concentrated and domestication of plants and animals.

Anthropology (1 decks)

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