Exam 1 Flashcards
design thinking
a way of thinking about a problem and the development of a solution
What are the major question areas a designer would ask in order to better understand the problem
users, societal context, customer requirements, constraints
explain the role of the customer in the design process
to collaborate with the designer to make a better product
define the role of prototyping within the design process
to implement the selected design
describe a work breakdown structure
a table listing the task to be completed, a description of the task, estimated duration of each task, and any precedent tasks for each task.
define a precedence network
nodes for each task connected in order by arrows, showing dependencies.
define a critical path method
determining the shortest amount of time a project can be completed in.
define a gannt chart
a chart comparing work completed and the amount of work that needs to be done in a time period.
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ethics
principles that govern a person’s behavior or the conducting of an activity
morals
a person’s standards of behavior or beliefs concerning what is and is not acceptable for them to do
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code of ethics
sets of ethical principles that have been written down and agreed upon by a community
utilitarian approach
which option will produce the most good and do the least harm
rights approach
which option best respects the rights of all who have a stake
justice approach
which option treats people as i want to be treated
ethic of care approach
which option is best for those most in need
virtue approach
which option leads me to act as a respectable person
criteria and specifications need to be
clearly defined, measurable, explicit in their targets, directly related to stakeholder needs
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what is brainstorming?
a semi-structured, team-based method of rapid idea generation
for good brainstorming…
defer judgement, encourage wild ideas, build on the ideas of others, stay focused on the topic, one conversation at a time, be visual, go for quantity of ideas
decision matrix
an objective way to make a decision about a set of potential solutions
functional decomposition
the systematic process of identifying what functions a system must perform, starting from a high level and breaking it down to low level function
functional block diagram
a way to depict the different functions in a system and how they interact with each other to transform inputs and outputs
morphological chart
a way to look at different combinations of solutions for different functions/subsystems
allows you to quickly explore different implementation combinations
a test plan
a document that outlines the types of tests to be performed, inputs, data to be collected and how these tests will show that you are fulfilling the criteria/specifications originally defined
the engineering method
recognize and understand the problem, accumulate data and verify accuracy, select the appropriate theory or principle, make necessary assumptions, solve the problem, verify and check results
problem presentation method
problem statement, diagram, theory, assumptions, solution steps, results and verification, discussion and conclusion
problem statement
concise statement of what information is given and what needs to be found
diagram
a diagram representing the problem to be solved with needed information included
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assumtions
what assumptions are made about the problem or proposed solution
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teams are
groups of individuals that have a common goal and shared accountability. communication is key.
engineering design notebook purpose
to capture and document the design project as it progresses
engineering design notebook should include
project management documentation, empathize, define (functional block diagram), ideate (brainstorming), plus more
design process
empathize, define, ideate, prototype, testing, implement
systems thinking
thinking about a complex system as a combination of components or processes that work together towards a common goal
to perform a functional decomposition
identify outputs and inputs, processes that transform inputs to outputs
to create a functional block diagram
place all identified inputs together on one side of the diagram, place all identified outputs together on the opposite side, place all of the identified functions between the two and connect together to define the relationships between the functions
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an estimation is the act of
approximating the amount of a dimension by assigning it a numeric value and unit based on a set of assumtions
used to simplify calculations during ideating or prototyping, allow for some degree of analysis if a measurement cannot be taken
To create a functional block diagram?
Place all identified inputs together on one side of the diagram, place all identified outputs together on the opposite side, place all of the identified functions between the two and connect together to define the relationships between the functions
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What is accuracy?
Measure the nearness of a value to the true value
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What are the steps in an algorithm?
Inputs, processes, outputs
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What is a trace table?
Aids in the testing of algorithms by helping keep track of the results of computations and values
every flow diagram
Begins with a start terminal and stops with an end terminal
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Where can the select function be found?
In the comparison area of the functions palette
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Where are all repetition structures available?
In the structures area of the functions palette
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