Exam 1 Flashcards
What is Counceling?
The skilled and principled use of relationship to facilitate self-knowledge, emotional acceptance and growth and the optimal development of personal resources
What are three factors of a Newtonian view of the world? (Freudian psych in based on this)
Conservation of energy: energy can be neither created or destroyed
Forces: pushes and pulls that cause motions
-Cause and effect: equal and opposite reaction
What is the overall aim of counsellors?
to provide an opportunity for people to work towards living more satisfyingly and resourcefully
What are some main goals of councelling
- developmental issues
- addressing and resolving specific problems
- making decisions
- coping with crisis
- developing personal insights and knowledge,
working through feelings of inner conflict or improving relationships with others
What is Positivism
everything can be scientifically measured and verified
What is Counceling Theory
provides order and meaning..
and helps to explain how individuals develop, problems individuals face and how counselling can help
What is Empiricism
a focus on the observable, measurable, and testable
What is the scientific method?
a specific process of experimentation used to make observations and answers questions/hypotheses
T/F - All Counceling theories believe:
people are born with certain innate tendencies and psychological functions
True
What is the Psyche?
The totality of mental life
-psychological energy contributes to mental life in a closed system
What is life purpose? (according to freud)
To satisfy biological needs
T/F - All Counceling theories believe:
people are influenced by their environments
True
T/F - All Counceling theories believe:
People develop due to an interaction of innate tendencies, environment, and other factors
True
T/F - All Counceling theories believe:
People can funciton in preferable or non preferable ways
True!
What is Drive? (related to life purpose, Freud)
Drive
T/F - All Counceling theories believe:
People can develop further - to a more preferable mode of functioning
true!
T/F - All Counceling theories believe:
counselling can help people develop toward more preferable functioning
True
When looking at how counselling theories differ…
HOW do we assess that?
- how people are different
- how people are influenced by their emotions
- how people develop
- What constitutes preferable functioning
- How people change
- How counselling helps people change toward more preferable functioning
What is Cathexis?
investing in gratifying objects
what is Anticathexis?
withdrawal of energy from an object of gratification
What two processes is mental life characterized by? (freud)
Primary Process: non-logical thinking
Secondary Process: distinguishing between inner experience and reality
What are the disadvantages of having multiple Counceling theories
each theory becomes a filter that may miss, dismiss, misinterpret or deny certain data
what are the advantages of having multiple Counceling theories?
provides multiples perspectives for understanding and working with the same issue so each persona can find the right fit.
What are some common factors of counselling theories?
Therapeutic elements that are consistent across all, or almost all, theories of counselling.