Exam 1 Flashcards
Throughout history there have been many people who have made major contributions to the area of psychology. However, which person in particular is credited with being the person who did some of the “firsts”, such as highlight the need for psychology to be its own discipline, write the first psychology textbook, etc.?
Question 1Answer
a.
William James
b.
Wilhelm Wundt
c.
Sigmund Freud
d.
Edward Titchener
b.
Wilhelm Wundt
Although some people like to debate about whether psychology is a scientific or arts program of study, the main reason that we refer to psychology as the scientific study of behaviour is because
Question 2Answer
a.
it uses scientific techniques such as introspection and lived experience
b.
it grew out of scientific areas such as physiology and biology
c.
it includes scientific areas like neuroscience and computer modelling
d.
it is evidence-based (i.e., uses empirical evidence from experiments)
d.
it is evidence-based (i.e., uses empirical evidence from experiments)
Dr. Charlie believes that his therapy client did not accidentally forget their wedding anniversary. Instead, he believes that the client is not aware that they actually really dislike their spouse, and that this dislike is what caused them to not do anything for their anniversary. This scenario best fits with ____ theory of the ____.
Question 3Answer
a.
Wundt’s; unconsious
b.
Freud’s; conscious
c.
Freud’s; unconsious
d.
Wundt’s; conscious
c.
Freud’s; unconsious
Given what we covered about how behaviorists believe we should do research, which of the below options would they say is NOT a valid way to study human behaviour?
Question 4Answer
a.
looking at how well a new budgeting program helped students in debt by asking them to rate it on a 7-point scale (from 1 = not at all helpful to 7 = very much helpful)
b.
counting how many students use the new recycling bin placed in the middle of the campus, instead of the old garbage bins
c.
watching which of the new types of sports equipment recently added to the gym that students use the most
d.
looking at what tv shows students like by showing them 7 different show titles and asking them to choose one to watch
a.
looking at how well a new budgeting program helped students in debt by asking them to rate it on a 7-point scale (from 1 = not at all helpful to 7 = very much helpful)
Chester has argued to his psychology classmates that he believes mental processes cannot be studied scientifically because they are too subjective; that is we can’t know what’s going on in people’s minds. Instead, he thinks we should only study what we can actually see people do. Chester’s beliefs are MOST consistent with the ____ approach.
Question 5Answer
a.
psychoanalysis
b.
gestalt
c.
behaviorist
d.
functionalist
c.
behaviorist
Attending class leads to higher grades in the course because attendance requires students to engage with the to-be-learned material in a more deep and rich way (vs. not attending), and allows them to ask clarifying questions and take part in practicing the material.
a.
theory
b.
hypothesis
a.
theory
People who live alone rate their wellbeing as higher when they have at least one pet (vs. people who live alone and have no pets) because they are able to talk and interact with the pet in a way that gives them a social outlet and the type of interaction that helps them feel less isolated.
a.
hypothesis
b.
theory
b.
theory
People who live alone and have 2 pets will rate their life higher in happiness on a 5-point scale (where 1 = not at all happy and 5 = extremely happy) than people who live alone and have 0 pets.
a.
hypothesis
b.
theory
a.
hypothesis
Students who attend 100% of their classes will score higher on the final exam than students who attend 50% of their classes.
a.
theory
b.
hypothesis
b.
hypothesis
You are reading the results section of a journal article, and the authors reported that the most frequent score they found on the 6-point satisfaction scale (from 1 = not at all satisfied to 6 = satisfied) they used was 2. This number is the ____ of their data.
Question 1Answer
a.
mode
b.
mean
c.
median
d.
variance
a.
mode
Researchers investigated whether the opening hours of a gym (being open for 16hrs per day vs. being open 24hrs) affected how much profit (i.e., money) the gym made each month. They ran an experiment for four months and manipulated opening hours so that for two months the gym was open 16 hours a day, and for the other two months it was open 24hrs a day. They then looked at the profit the gym made each month. The profit is the ____, and the opening hours is the ____.
Question 2Answer
a.
dependent variable; independent variable
b.
control group; experimental group
c.
independent variable; dependent variable
d.
experimental group; control group
a.
dependent variable; independent variable
Denzel ran a study to look at whether your well-being is positively related with number of hours you spend outside each day and with the amount of fruits and vegetables you eat in a week. There are ___ variables in this scenario.
Question 3Answer
a.
4
b.
2
c.
3
d.
1
c.
3
Minnie wanted to know whether the amount of time she spent surfing the internet during the day was related to how much sleep she got at night. She started to track both of them, and found a correlation coefficient of -.27 between amount of time on the internet and amount of sleep she got. What is the correct conclusion she should make based on this correlation coefficient?
Question 4Answer
a.
spending more time on the internet is associated with sleeping less time at night
b.
spending more time on the internet is associated with sleeping more time at night
c.
there is no relationship (i.e., no correlation) between between amount of time spent on the internet during the day and amount of sleep at night
d.
spending more time on the internet causes less sleep at night
a.
spending more time on the internet is associated with sleeping less time at night
“We predict that studying in silence (vs. with music/television playing) will increase your exam score” is an example of a(n):
Question 5Answer
a.
operational definition
b.
construct validity
c.
theory
d.
hypothesis
d.
hypothesis
The receptors in your skin register different points of pressure as you scratch your arm. This activity of your skin represents:
a.
sensation
b.
transference
c.
accommodation
d.
perception
a.
sensation
