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P&O > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what % of gait is initial contact

A

0%

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2
Q

what % of gait is loading response

A

0-10%

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3
Q

what % of gait is mid stance

A

10-30%

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4
Q

what % of gait is terminal stance

A

30-50%

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5
Q

what % of gait is pre swing

A

50-60%

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6
Q

what % of gait is inital swing

A

60-73%

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7
Q

what % of giat is mid swing

A

73-87%

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8
Q

what % of gait is terminal swing

A

87-100%

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9
Q

what does F1 represent in the vertical GRF component graph

A

first peak
at weight acceptance
due to the action of body momentum

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10
Q

what odes F2 represent in the GRF component graph

A

only valley
at midstance
created by the rise of COG

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11
Q

what does F3 represent in the vertical GRF component graph

A

second peak
at midstance
created by the rise of COG

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12
Q

how does walking speed affect vertical GRF component graph

A

increased speed = higher peaks and lower vallies

running = only peak, no valley

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13
Q

what % body weight is F1 + F3

A

~110%

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14
Q

what % body weight is F2

A

~80%

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15
Q

what is the overall purpose of stance phase

A

weight acceptance
single limb support
forward progression

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16
Q

what is the overall purpose of swing phase

A

swing limb advancement
foot clearance

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17
Q

explain the objectives of inital contact

A

start of 1st rocker
impact deceleration

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18
Q

explain the objectives of loading response

A

shock absorption
weight bearing stability
preservation of progression

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19
Q

what is the critical event of initial contact

A

heel contact

20
Q

what are the critical events of loading response

A

pre-tib muscles eccentrically control plantarflexion

quadriceps active to control knee flexion moment

hip extensors active to stabilize

21
Q

what are the objectives of midstance

A

progression over stationary foot
limb and trunk stability

22
Q

what are the objectives of terminal stance

A

progression of body beyond the supporting foot
limb and trunk stability

23
Q

what is the critical event of midstance

A

dorsiflexion controlled eccentrically by gastroc and soleus

24
Q

what is the critical event of terminal stance

A

trailing limb

25
Q

what are the objectives for preswing

A

position of limb for swing
accelerate progression

26
Q

what are the objectives of inital swing

A

foot clearance
advancement of the limb from he trailing limb position

27
Q

what are the objectives for midswing

A

limb advancement
foot clearance

28
Q

what are the objectives of terminial swing

A

complete limb advancement
prepare limb for stance

29
Q

what is the critical event of preswing

A

passive knee flexion (40 degrees)

30
Q

what are the critical events of inital swing

A

peak knee flexion (60 deg) for toe clearance

15 deg of hip flexion

31
Q

what is the critical event of midswing

A

neutral ankle to slight DF

32
Q

what is the critical event of terminal swing

A

knee extension to neutral (5 deg flx)

33
Q

what two phases of gait make up weight acceptance

A

initial contact + loading response

34
Q

what tow phases of gait make up single limb support

A

midstance + terminal stance

35
Q

what phases of gait does the pelvis tilt anteriorly

A

terminal stance and terminal swing

36
Q

how does the pelvis move during weight acceptance

A

4 degrees of contralateral pelvic drop

37
Q

during preswing, how does the pelvis move

A

4 degrees of ipsilateral pelvic drop

38
Q

what phases of gait does the pelvis protract

A

terminal swing and initial contact

39
Q

what phase of gait doe sthe pelvis retract

A

terminal stance

40
Q

what phases of gait does the pelvis neutrally rotate

A

midswing and mid stance

41
Q

how do the UE move fduring gait

A

peak passive flexion of 8 deg with contralateral initial contact

peak passive extension of 24 deg during ipsilateral inical contact

42
Q

explain the critical joint angles and timing of gait for the ankle

A

neutral ankle during swing
20 deg of DF in terminal stance

43
Q

list the critical joint angles and timing of gait for the knee

A

60 deg of flx in initial swing
20 deg flexion in loading response
0 deg at initial contact and midstance

44
Q

list the critical joint angles and timing of gait for the hip

A

25 deg of flx in midswing
20 deg ext in terminal stance

45
Q

list the critical mm activity during gait at the ankle

A

ant tib during loading response (eccentric)

ant tib during swing (concentric)

gastrocnemius durign stance (eccentric), turns off in preswing

46
Q

list the critical mm activity during gait at the knee

A

no hamstring or quad mm activity during midswing

quad active during stance to control knee flx moment

P&O (1 decks)

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