Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

History 102 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® U.S. History flashcards European History 101 flashcards AP® European History flashcards AP® World History flashcards World History 102 flashcards U.S. History 102 flashcards World History 101 flashcards U.S. History 101 flashcards
1
Q

a large expanse of territory comprised of multiple cultures ruled by one emperor, generally called
a monarch by the 1800s

A

empire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

kings are the natural leaders by birthright (ancestry) and are answerable only to God (not the people)

A

divine right

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

the application of Western government, culture, religion, economics, language, etc., to nonWestern culture

A

westernization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the self-perception that one is part of a nation, defined as a community with its own language, traditions, customs and history that distinguish it from other nations; a sense of identity that often becomes the primary focus of one’s loyalty

A

nationalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

also known as the Manchu dynasty, it was the last dynasty of China

A

Qing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

arge-scale revolt against the Qing dynasty demanding social reform; lasted from 1850–1864 and resulted in 20–30 million deaths

A

Taiping Rebellion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

because there is a finite amount of wealth in the world, a country should export more than it imports, thereby accumulating bullion (gold)

A

economic theory of mercantilism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in economics, the belief that government should not intervene in economic affairs beyond the minimum necessary to keep the peace and protect property rights

A

laissez-faire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

an economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and open competition in a free market where the goal is profit

A

economic capitalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

control of a territory based on how it’s geographic and political factors meet your political and military goals

A

geostrategic positioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

the top military commander of Japan prior to the Meiji era

A

shogun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

military social class of Japan; became the Imperial Army Officer Class during the Meiji era

A

samurai

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

American philosophy and movement arguing that the United States had a responsibility to God to spread its ideals of liberty and government across the North American continent

A

Manifest Destiny

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

brief military conflict of 1898 that occurred in the Caribbean and the Pacific; the U.S. victory marked the end of the Spanish Empire and the U.S. acquisition of Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines

A

Spanish-American War

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

pursuing foreign policy objectives by demonstrating and/or threatening to use overwhelming force; putting gunboats (warships) in the harbor of weaker powers was often enough to convince them to cooperate

A

gunboat diplomacy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

when change occurs in an environment, those organisms best suited to the new circumstances will thrive and those that are not ideally suited will die out completely; over time, this could result in a species changing enough traits to eventually become a totally different creature

A

theory of natural selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

political philosophy that favors the preservation of tradition over rapid change

A

conservatism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the right to vote

A

suffrage

19
Q

nineteenth- and twentieth-century movement in the Western world to outlaw slavery

A

abolitionism

20
Q

eighteenth-century intellectual and philosophical movement in the West focused on the power of human reason

A

Enlightenment

21
Q

the upper and middle class who owned businesses, land, homes, etc.

A

propertied classes

22
Q

downward social mobility, whereby people move from self-employment to working for someone else; they join the proletariat class of wage workers

A

proletarianization

23
Q

the exchange of goods or services for other goods or services without the use of money

A

barter economy

24
Q

payment in the form of money to a worker in exchange for labor or services

A

wage economy

25
Q

a group of people who self-identify as a community connected by language, tradition, etc.

A

nation

26
Q

a territory with defined physical borders and a single recognized government that rules over the population

A

state

27
Q

the people originally born and living in a particular area

A

indigenous populations

28
Q

an agreement among the world’s major powers to respect the territorial integrity of China

A

Open Door Policy

29
Q

a region within a country that is economically dominated by an outside power

A

spheres of interest

30
Q

an 1887 agreement in which Russia and Germany both agreed to remain neutral should the other go war with a third party; did not apply if Germany attacked France or Russia

A

reinsurance treaty

31
Q

1882 alliance between Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy promising defensive miliary support to one another

A

Triple Alliance

32
Q

revolution and reform movement against the Romanov dynasty

A

Russian Revolution of 1905

33
Q

weaker country under the partial military control of a superior power in the name of protecting them from others

A

protectorate

34
Q

British battleship utilizing remarkably advanced technolgy

A

HMS Dreadnought

35
Q

anti-government group in Serbia led by Serbian military officers; fostered nationalish revolutions in Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Macedonia

A

Black Handd

36
Q

unresolved situation in which it is impossible for either side to move forward (deadlock)

A

stalemate

37
Q

a stalemated situation in which both sides are in fortified positions (ditches); sometimes viewed as a military tactiv or weapon to demoralize the enemy

A

trench warfare

38
Q

when the government seizes ownership of privately owned assets

A

nationalized

39
Q

local town council comprised of soldiers and workers

A

sovier

40
Q

Bolshevik led riots against the provisional government in Petrograd

A

July Days

41
Q

mass extermination of a national, racial, religious, or ethnic group

A

genocide

42
Q

use of toxic chemicals to injure or kill enemies; in the Great Ware the chemical primarily used was tear gas, chlorine gas and mustard gas

A

chemical weapons

43
Q

conflict that is unlimited in scope and in which each combatant uses every possible resource imaginable to completely destroy its enemies, including propaganda that demonizes the enemy to gain citizen support for the war

A

total war

44
Q

peach conferences of 1899 and 1907 that outlined the rights and duties of belligerents during wartime

A

Hague Convention

History 102 (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions