Exam 1 Flashcards
Criteria for psychological disorder
Deviance
Distress
Dysfunction
Danger
The role of context
Systems in which behavior occurs
Conditions
Historical context
Paradigm
Set of assumptions and concepts help explain and interpret observations
Models of abnormality
Biological
Psychoanalytic
Behavioral
Cognitive
Humanistic/existential
Sociological
Integrated
Biological model
Brain and abnormal behavior
Behavioral genetics
Biological model: Diathesis Stress Model
Individuals inherit from multiple genes the tendency to express certain traits possibly activated under stress
Biological model treatment
Drug therapy
Electroconvulsive therapy
Psychosurgery
Psychodynamic model
Frued
Frued
ID-
Ego-
Superego-
ID- pleasure driven impulses
Ego- gratification according to reality (can’t express ID outright)
Superego-uphold values adopted from parents
Frued defense mechanisms
1 Repression
2 Denial
3 Fantasy
4 Projections
5 Reaction formation
6 Displacement
7 Regression
8 Overcompensating
9 Sublimation- express sexual/agression in acceptable societal ways
Frued developmental stages
Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital
Behavioral models
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Social learning
Prepared learning
Clinical Assessment
Systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological, biological,social factors in a person with a possible disorder
Reliability
Degree of measured Consistency across raters
Validity
Tools measure what is supposed to be measured
Standardization
Set of norms determined in order to make consistent measurements
Assessment types
Clinical interviews
Mental status exam
Behavioral observation
Psychological test
Physical exam
Clinical interview
Comprehensive patient history
Developmental history, stressors,social history, family
Mental status exam
Appearance and behavior
Thought process
Mood
Intellectual function
Sensorium
Behavioral observation 1
Super nanny example
Behavioral observation 2
Client reported observations
Psychological Tests
Projective tests- inkblot, thematic apperception test
Personality tests
Intelligence tests
Physical Exams
Physical- rule out organic cause (ex tumor)
Neuroimaging
Neurochemical assessment
Neuropsychological assessment- cognition , motor function
Psychophysiological assessment
Diagnosis
Determine is problem set meets all criteria for psychological disorder as set in DSM-5
Biological therapy
Drug therapy
Electroconvulsive Therapy
Psychosurgery
Psychodynamic therapy
Free association
Dream analysis
Catharsis
Working through
Behavior therapy
Systematic desensitization
Exposure therapy
Parent management training
Cognitive therapy
Cognitive process is center of behavior to understand abnormal functioning
Research methods
Scientific- examination through observation
Internal validity-effect due to phenomenon under observation
External validity- findings generalized
Case study-evaluation and report on individual subject
Correlation method
Experimental- researcher manipulates situation observe effects
Single case experimental design
Human subject protection
Institutional review boards IRBs
Before study approval- detail
Importance
Risk/belefit
Concent
Specialized protection
