Exam 1

Question 1

Sargon

Answer 1

First historically evident ruler. King of city-state Akkad, gained control of all of Mesopotamia.

Question 2

Menes

Answer 2

First Egyptian Pharaoh, OF LEGEND. Not historical. Cobra Hawk Crown

Question 3

Merneith

Answer 3

Possibly First female pharaoh of First Egyptian dynasty. Also daughter of a pharaoh and wife to the next one.

Question 4

Hatshepsut

Answer 4

Great female pharaoh in 18th Eg. Dynasty

Question 5

David

Answer 5

Early King of Israeli Hebrews

Question 6

Nebuchadnezzar

Answer 6

Ruler of neo-Babylonia, including formerly Israeli Kingdom of Judah

Question 7

Cyrus the Great

Answer 7

Persian ruler who was more tolerant, allowed subject people to return to their homelands (Jews).

Question 8

Osiris

Answer 8

Lord of the afterlife in Egypt, with lady Isis

Question 9

Hammurabi

Answer 9

Ruler of Old Babylonia, developed his Code, which was first complete law in history.

Question 10

Abraham

Answer 10

Religious figure that Hebrews are descendants of. Legendary, not historical. YHWH spoke to him

Question 11

Solomon

Answer 11

Ruler of Israel, after David. Has a temple built biblically, and oversaw large development in written Hebrew.

Question 12

Socrates

Answer 12

`Greek Philosopher who traveled Egypt and Italy, “unexamined life is not worth living”

Question 13

Plato

Answer 13

Student of Socrates, Established academy of Athens that established socratic method. Wrote the cave story that basically means that you only see what people choose to show to you, encouraging creativity and free thought.

Question 14

Moses

Answer 14

Biblical Legendary figure, who YHWH spoke to with a burning bush. Exodus of Jews.

Question 15

Philip of Macedon

Answer 15

King of Macedon who conquered Greek City states. Queen had him merc’ed to put her son Alexander into power.

Question 16

Pericles

Answer 16

Greek General and politician

Question 17

Thucydides

Answer 17

Greek historian, first scientific historian, wrote history of the Peloponnesian Wars. “history is philosophy learned from example”

Question 18

Herodotus

Answer 18

“father of history” Researches and records histories of the Persian Wars.

Question 19

Josiah

Answer 19

Leader of Kingdom of Judah who led a religious revival for Hebrews

Question 20

Alexander the Great

Answer 20

Ruler of Greece, student of Aristotle. Is declared pharaoh in Egypt and conquers Persia with his military. Somewhat unified the Near East for the first time

Question 21

Bronze Age

Answer 21

After Copper was used to make tools, tin was discovered, and the two could be alloyed to make stronger and more efficient tools. The Age is characterized by the usage of bronze

Question 22

ziggurat

Answer 22

distinctive raised site of worship in M.P. city states.

Question 23

cuneiform

Answer 23

wedge shaped writing made by pushing shapes into wet clay tablets. Important documents preserved by putting tablet in a kiln to make ceramic tile.

Question 24

chalcolithic

Answer 24

Copper and Stone tools used at the same time, towards end of neolithic. Gold and silver discovered.

Question 25

built environment

Answer 25

inhabitants create the environment they live in

Question 26

paleolithic

Answer 26

Old Stone Age, first phase in prehistorical times of people. Stone tools and Weapons created for survival by identifying the best rocks. Begin domesticating animals by humans

Question 27

neolithic

Answer 27

New Stone Age, tools began to advance to favor farming over hunting and gathering

Question 28

polytheism

Answer 28

belief in many gods

Question 29

Minoans

Answer 29

inhabitants of Crete in Greek prehistory

Question 30

YHWH

Answer 30

“to be” God in Hebrew history, tetragrammaton

Question 31

polis

Answer 31

Greek term used to describe civilized culture. Early politics, people interacting with their communities. Also used for geographical Greece, “ideal size is 5,000 people”.

Question 32

philosophia

Answer 32

Greek Outlook on existence that the universe is orderly and can be understood. People can imagine and learn things not experienced directly. “love wisdom”

Question 33

Hyksos

Answer 33

Ancient Civ, Invaded Egypt with chariots and recurve bows. Occupied parts of Egypt until later expelled.

Question 34

Iron Age

Answer 34

Discovery of iron refining, leads to enhanced trade, tools, and weapons due to natural abundance.

Question 35

civilization

Answer 35

culture, history, communication in an area

Question 36

acropolis

Answer 36

Greek residence for the ruler. Huge structure with pillars

Question 37

anthropomorphic

Answer 37

Assigning a human form to non-human principles. Ex. gods in Egypt.

Question 38

barbarians

Answer 38

Those deemed by Greeks as uncivilized. Essentially insulting all those who are not Greek.

Question 39

annealing

Answer 39

The process of melding metal over a heat source to shape and mold it

Question 40

synagogue

Answer 40

place of Jewish worship. Ex. Temple in Jerusalem, place of learning, study of scriptures, prayer, and guidance for living righteously

Question 41

Why Eastern and near East Mediterraneans develop quicker than others in early prehistory?

Answer 41

Fertile Crescent, contained wide range of resources due to water adjacency. Plentiful rainfall

Question 42

Historical versus legendary

Answer 42

Historical contains evidence to prove existence, legendary does not

Question 43

Why were Hebrews Unique?

Answer 43

First people to develop their own written history for cosmic meaning

Question 44

Why were Greeks unique?

Answer 44

developed first phonetic alphabet with consonants AND vowels. also were very involved in creating community ideals that developed to modern day.

Question 45

Old Kingdom

Answer 45

One of the first Egyptian dynasties. Followed by Middle Kingdom, New Kingdom. Predated by Early period.

Question 46

Divided Kingdoms

Answer 46

The split nation of Israel; Northern 10 kingdoms known as Israel, Southern 2 known as Kingdom of Judah

Question 47

pyramids

Answer 47

used to bury dead royalty in Egypt