Exam 1 Flashcards
1
Q
Particle radiation from the sun is potent ion ally much more hazardous outside the earths
A
Magnetic field
2
Q
The suns activity is closely related to
A
Sunspot number
3
Q
Radio blackouts are caused by
A
Outburst solar flare
4
Q
Geomagnetic storms range from
A
G1-G5
5
Q
Solar radiation storms vary from
A
S1-S5
6
Q
Radio blackouts vary from
A
R1-R5
7
Q
Suns mass in the solar system
A
99.8%
8
Q
3 types of planets
A
Terrestrial
Gaseous
Dwarf
9
Q
Earth is ____ the mass of the sun
A
One millionth
10
Q
Largest planet
A
Jupiter
11
Q
Smallest planet
A
Mercury
12
Q
Planets outside the solar system were found by
A
Gravity towards other stars
13
Q
Most eccentric planets orbit
A
Pluto
14
Q
1 AU
A
Sun to earth
15
Q
70%
25%
5%
A
Hydrogen
Helium
Other stuff
16
Q
Early universe
H2
He
A
75%
25%
17
Q
Collapsing cloud that stars form in is often caused by a nearby exploding
A
Supernova
18
Q
Hydrogen fusion into helium requires the core temp to be
A
10^7 K or higher
19
Q
Theoretical lifetime of the sun
A
5 billion years
20
Q
Neutron stars are composed of
A
Neutrons
21
Q
Ends as a white dwarf
A
Red giant
22
Q
Shortest lifespan
A
Massive star, red supergiant
23
Q
Charged particles
A
N
P
He
24
Q
Comets are made of
A
Ice and dust
25
Types of asteroids
C
S
M
26
Brightest asteroid
S
27
Most asteroids are located between
2AU - 3.5AU
28
Beyond the planets
Oort cloud
29
Greatest damage to spacecraft
Small objects
30
Albedo
Reflectivity of light
31
Planet with little to no atmosphere
Mercury
32
The suns charged particles follow the suns
Magnetic field lines
33
Escape velocity
Greatest near larger planets
34
Planet with the highest escape velocity
Jupiter
35
Two types of radiation
UV
GCR
36
Ionizing radiation in the electromagnetic spectrum includes
UV
X ray
Gamma
37
Solar wind is made of
Protons and electrons
38
SPEs
Large outbursts from the sun
39
The peak in the suns emission is in the
Visible band
Green yellow color
40
Solar activity cycle
11 yrs
41
Larger number of dark spots on the sun implies
Solar activity levels in the sun
42
Energy in the sun is produced by
Fusion of H to He
43
For each helium atom produced by H_____ electron neutrinos are generated
4
44
Solar wind travels
400 km/s
45
Suns magnetic field reverses
22 years
46
Solar magnetic field and solar winds extend to
Magnetosphere of earth
47
Lowest layer of the earths atmosphere
Troposphere
48
Photodissociation and photoionization of O2 and N2 take place in
Magnetosphere
49
1 Grey
100 RAD
50
Equivalent dose
Absorbed dose times radiation weighing factor
51
1SV
100 REM
52
SV
Grey times weighing factor
53
First modern theory of the formation of the solar system through a nebular cloud
Kant in the 1700s
54
A collapsing gas cloud that forms a star system increases its rotation rate because of the conservation of
Angular Momentum
55
A protostar forms at
Center of collapsing gas cloud
56
Sun formed
4.5 billion years ago
57
Elements heavier than hydrogen and He are formed by
Fusion
58
Comet material was brought back
Delta spacecraft in 2006
59
Particles within the collapsing solar nebula disk begin to collide and collect accrete from the
Electrostatic force
60
Gravity takes over when clumps reach the size of
A mountain
61
Bodies greater than ____ are pulled into a spherical shape by gravity
480 km
62
Moon formed
Body the size of mars and earth collided
63
Mars two moons thought to be captured asteroids
Phobos and deimos
64
Boundary outside which water is in a frozen state allowing gas and ice planets to form
Frost line
65
Uranus blue green color
Methane gas
66
Sun ends its life in
5 billion yrs
67
Babylonian priests recorded the positions of stars
4,000 yrs ago
68
Credited with developing the first rockets
Chinese
69
Developed more accurate rockets for warfare for the British in early 1800s
William Conry
70
First to launch a liquid fuel rocket
Goddard
71
Father of astronautics
Tsiolkovsky
72
Alan Shepard was the first American in space who also flew in
Apollo 14
73
Germany pursued the development of rockets because
Not prohibited by treaty of Versailles
74
Von Brauns wheel shaped space station concept to create
Artificial gravity
75
Von Brauns red stone missile could have launched the first satellite but it was given to the navy to launch
Vanguard 1
76
NASA
October 1 1960
77
First person in space
April 12 1961
Yuri Gagarin
78
Total Gemini flights between 1965-166
10
79
Two launch vehicles for Apollo
Saturn V
Saturn 1B
80
First Apollo moon landing
Apollo 11
July 16th 1969
81
Apollo 12 visited
Surveyor 3
82
First to use a lunar rover
Apollo 15
83
Last Apollo mission
Apollo 17
84
First space shuttle
Columbia
April 1981
85
First to propose heliocentric
Aristarchus
86
Accurate measures of planets by
Hipparchus
87
Keplers first law
Planets orbit the sun in elliptical orbits with the sun at one focus
88
Keplers third law
Cubes axis to orbital squared
89
German V-2 was used by
US
USSR
90
First V-2 launch from white sands
May 1946
91
Bumper rocket
V-2 and aerobee
92
First live subjects on suborbital flight
Bumper
93
Jupiter-C launched to over 600 miles
September 20 1956
94
First intercontinental ballistic missile
USSR
August 3 1957
95
USSR ICMB ranged
8,800 km
96
First satellite in orbit
Sputnik
R-7 rocket
October 4 1957
97
Second satellite with Laika
Sputnik 2
98
US first orbital satellite
January 31 1958
Jupiter C/Redstone
99
Explorer 1 had internal and external
Temperature gauge
100
Explorer 1 measured hits with an
Internal micrometeoroid detector
101
Explorer 1 had both high power and low power
Transmitter
102
Fuel for the V-2 and oxidizer
Liquid ethanol
Liquid oxygen
103
V-2 parts manufactured in
Germany
104
V-2 insulation for the propellant tank
Glass wool (fiberglass)
105
V-2 turbine pumps powered by the reaction of
Hydrogen peroxide with sodium permanganate
106
Used to steer the v-2
Carbon veins
107
V-2 weight
14 tons
108
Highest V-2 altitude
100 miles
