Exam 1

Question 1

phytonutrients

Answer 1

nutrients in plants that that provide benefits

Question 2

herbology

Answer 2

a traditional medicinal or folk medicine practice based on the use of plants

Question 3

pharmacognasy

Answer 3

the study of medicines from natural sources

Question 4

doctrine of signatures

Answer 4

if a part of a plant resembles a human body part, it can be used to treat that body part
- ex: walnuts can be used to treat brain disorders

Question 5

what are the 3 tridoshas?

Answer 5

vata, pitta, kapha

Question 6

what is prana?

Answer 6

a vital, life-sustaining force of living beings and vital energy

Question 7

two systems in TCM

Answer 7

Yin and Yang, 5 elements

Question 8

Yang

Answer 8

moving, ascending, bright, progressing, male, hot, back

Question 9

Yin

Answer 9

still, dark, degeneration, female, cold, front

Question 10

5 elements in TCM

Answer 10

wood, fire, earth, metal, water

Question 11

mutual promotion/control cycle

Answer 11

the 5 elements in TCM each promote and control another element

Question 12

who were the “Thomsonians”

Answer 12

a group in the 19th century that believed in medicine based in herbal remedies, and that all disease is caused by cold

Question 13

eclectism

Answer 13

founded by Wooster Beech in the 1830s, based on marriage of native american hebology and western medicine

Question 14

respiration

Answer 14

the chemical bonds in sugars are broken to release energy

Question 15

monocots

Answer 15

• grass, palms, corn
• 1 seed leaf
• parallel veins
• vascular bundles scattered

Question 16

eudicots

Answer 16

• beans, tomatoes, potatoes, trees
• 2 seed leafs
• vascular cambium
• reticulated veins

Question 17

lamiaceae

Answer 17

• lavender and lemonbalm are mild sedatives
• square stems, fragrant leaves
• leaves are opposite or whorled
• bilateral symmetry

Question 18

apiaceae

Answer 18

poison hemlock, cow parsnip, and wild carrot

Question 19

where are essential oils found

Answer 19

glandular trichomes

Question 20

mucilage cells

Answer 20

common in cacti, retain water
ex: aloe

Question 21

medicinal bark

Answer 21

cinnamon, willow and wild cherry bark for pain

Question 22

medicinal roots

Answer 22

• turmeric for cardiovascular disease

Question 23

medicinal flowers

Answer 23

saffron

Question 24

medicinal lipids

Answer 24

seed oils- primrose oil used to treat eczema

Question 25

medicinal proteins

Answer 25

cyclotides- found in viola species, anti-microbial

Question 26

3 major groups of secondary metabolites

Answer 26

terpenes, phenolics, nitrogen-containing compounds

Question 27

medicinal monoterpenes (10 carbons)

Answer 27

• valerian root aids sleep
• eucalyptus oil is an expectorant and cough suppressant
• lavendar oil is antisecptic and sedative

Question 28

medicinal phenolics

Answer 28

• salicylic acid derived from willow bark for pain
• ginkgos have vascular protective properties

Question 28

medicinal diterpenes

Answer 28

pacific yew tree to treat ovarian and breast cancer

Question 29

medicinal nitrogen-containing compounds

Answer 29

• morphine from the poppy plant for pain
• cocaine from the coca plant for pain

Question 30

mass spectrometry

Answer 30

weigh atoms and molecules

Question 31

chromatography

Answer 31

separate mictures

Question 32

NMR

Answer 32

find the structures of organic compounds