Exam 1 Flashcards
phytonutrients
nutrients in plants that that provide benefits
herbology
a traditional medicinal or folk medicine practice based on the use of plants
pharmacognasy
the study of medicines from natural sources
doctrine of signatures
if a part of a plant resembles a human body part, it can be used to treat that body part
- ex: walnuts can be used to treat brain disorders
what are the 3 tridoshas?
vata, pitta, kapha
what is prana?
a vital, life-sustaining force of living beings and vital energy
two systems in TCM
Yin and Yang, 5 elements
Yang
moving, ascending, bright, progressing, male, hot, back
Yin
still, dark, degeneration, female, cold, front
5 elements in TCM
wood, fire, earth, metal, water
mutual promotion/control cycle
the 5 elements in TCM each promote and control another element
who were the “Thomsonians”
a group in the 19th century that believed in medicine based in herbal remedies, and that all disease is caused by cold
eclectism
founded by Wooster Beech in the 1830s, based on marriage of native american hebology and western medicine
respiration
the chemical bonds in sugars are broken to release energy
monocots
- grass, palms, corn
- 1 seed leaf
- parallel veins
- vascular bundles scattered
eudicots
- beans, tomatoes, potatoes, trees
- 2 seed leafs
- vascular cambium
- reticulated veins
lamiaceae
- lavender and lemonbalm are mild sedatives
- square stems, fragrant leaves
- leaves are opposite or whorled
- bilateral symmetry
apiaceae
poison hemlock, cow parsnip, and wild carrot
where are essential oils found
glandular trichomes
mucilage cells
common in cacti, retain water
ex: aloe
medicinal bark
cinnamon, willow and wild cherry bark for pain
medicinal roots
- turmeric for cardiovascular disease
medicinal flowers
saffron
medicinal lipids
seed oils- primrose oil used to treat eczema
medicinal proteins
cyclotides- found in viola species, anti-microbial
3 major groups of secondary metabolites
terpenes, phenolics, nitrogen-containing compounds
medicinal monoterpenes (10 carbons)
- valerian root aids sleep
- eucalyptus oil is an expectorant and cough suppressant
- lavendar oil is antisecptic and sedative
medicinal phenolics
- salicylic acid derived from willow bark for pain
- ginkgos have vascular protective properties
medicinal diterpenes
pacific yew tree to treat ovarian and breast cancer
medicinal nitrogen-containing compounds
- morphine from the poppy plant for pain
- cocaine from the coca plant for pain
mass spectrometry
weigh atoms and molecules
chromatography
separate mictures
NMR
find the structures of organic compounds
