EXAM 1

Question 1

Hardware

Answer 1

The physical components of a computer

Question 2

Main Memory

Answer 2

Storage locations that are directly accessible by the processor(AKA Primary Storage)

Question 3

Binary

Answer 3

A number system only using 0’s and 1’s

Question 4

Syntax Error

Answer 4

Incorrect lines of code in a program

Question 5

Binary Digit(bit)

Answer 5

The smallest unit of data a compute can process and store (0’s and 1’s)

Question 6

Software

Answer 6

Instructions that tell a computer what to do

Question 7

Secondary Storage

Answer 7

long term storage component of a computer, such as hard disk drives or solid state NVRAM

Question 8

System.out

Answer 8

Refers to an object, used to display output to the computer console

Question 9

Logic Error

Answer 9

a bug causing a program to run incorrectly, but not cause the program to crash

Question 10

Byte

Answer 10

a unit of data that Is 8 binary digits (0’s and 1’s) long

Question 11

CPU

Answer 11

Central Processing Unit, carries out the processing of the computers systems and apps

Question 12

Machine Code

Answer 12

low level machine code written in binary and hexidecimal digits

Question 13

Pseudo Code

Answer 13

readable description of what a program or algorithm should do

Question 14

Algorithm

Answer 14

A set of instructions designed to complete a task

Question 15

Word

Answer 15

a unit of data of a defined bit length that can be addressed and moved between storage and the computer processor.

Question 16

Variable

Answer 16

a named container for a specific type of data (string, bits, double, int, float …)

Question 17

Scope

Answer 17

The area in a computer program that a variable can be recognized an used (variables cannot be used outside of the method they are initiated in)

Question 18

reserved words

Answer 18

words that cannot be used as variable names, classes, or methods (boolean, byte, abstract, char, class …)

Question 19

character

Answer 19

a data type that is used to store a single character ( always use single quotes ‘’ to store a char)

Question 20

comment

Answer 20

notes readable by the user but ignored by the compiler (/**/, //)

Question 21

primitive type variable

Answer 21

a primitive variable’s information is stored as the value of that variable ( boolean, byte, short, int, long, float double)

Question 22

Declaration

Answer 22

A method by which a variable is given a name and a value in Java

Question 23

static and instance methods

Answer 23

Instance- methods that require an object of it’s class to be created before it can be called
Static- methods that do not require an object of it’s class to be created before it can be called

Question 24

Integer

Answer 24

Data type used for referencing whole numbers in java

Question 25

String

Answer 25

an object that represents a sequence of character values

Question 26

assignment

Answer 26

using the ‘=’ sign to declare a value to a variable

Question 27

reference type variable

Answer 27

store the addresses of objects, not the actual value of the object

Question 28

variable initialization

Answer 28

Specifying an initial value to give to a variable

Question 29

identifiers

Answer 29

names of variables (cannot be reserved words, cannot start with numbers or signs, no spaces)

Question 30

floating point numbers

Answer 30

data type that contains decimal parts, stores using 4 bytes

Question 31

literal

Answer 31

any constant value that can be assigned to a variable

Question 32

expression

Answer 32

a construct made up of variables, operators, and methods

Question 33

Public Interface

Answer 33

an interface in Java is a blueprint of a behavior. A Java interface contains static constants and abstract methods.

Question 34

return values

Answer 34

the result of a functions execution

Question 35

expressions

Answer 35

a structure consisting of variables, operators, and method calls, all arranged according to the programming language syntax, and returning a single value

Question 36

increment/decrement

Answer 36

Increment- “++” used to add one to a variable. ++x adds one before it is used and x++ adds one after its used
Decrement- “–” used to subtract one from a variable

Question 37

method

Answer 37

a block of code that, when called, performs specific actions mentioned in it. (print, println, Math.sqrt)

Question 38

void

Answer 38

keyword telling compiler that a function will not be returning any values after execution

Question 39

assignment operators

Answer 39

symbols used for performing specific tasks in java

Question 40

String input

Answer 40

allows you to assign a name to a string expression

Question 41

method arguments

Answer 41

the actual values that are passed when a method is used

Question 42

package

Answer 42

a mechanism for storing java classes

Question 43

magic number

Answer 43

A Magic Number in Java refers to a numeric value that appears directly in the code without any explanation of its meaning. It lacks context and clarity, making the Java code harder to understand and maintain. Its better to give a number a name and type before using it again.

Question 44

Class Scanner

Answer 44

a class used to receive user input

Question 45

If statement

Answer 45

a statement used to specify a block of code to be executed, if a condition is true

Question 46

if/ else

Answer 46

a conditional statement that allows you to specify multiple conditions to be evaluated in a sequence.

Question 47

cascading IF statements

Answer 47

placing an if statement inside of another if/ else if statement

Question 48

relational If operators

Answer 48

== tests if 2 values are equal
string.equals() tests if 2 strings are identical

Question 49

Logical operatros or connectors

Answer 49

&& for 2 conditions to be true “||” for one of or both of 2 conditions to be true