Exam 1 Flashcards
what is the role of the FDA?
- Regulates and approves new drugs for market
- Standard setters
What does First Pass Effect mean?
oral medication through digestive system into liver
what does Contraindications mean?
Reasons to not give the medications
What does off label use mean?
the practice of prescribing a drug for a different purpose than what the FDA approved
Stages of pharmacokinetics and organs involved
Absorption, distribution, metabolism (in liver), elimination(in kidneys)
TID & Q2prn
3 times a day or every 2 hours as needed
QID
4 times a day
Q4
every 4 hours
Q2prn
every 2 hours as needed
Routes of drug administration
Parenteral: Intravenous (IV), Enteral: Oral (PO), Inhalation
Role of antagonist
receptor stimulation STOPS normal response
Role of agonist
Receptor stimulation CAUSES normal response
Solvent
dissolves the solute
Solute
dissolves INTO the solvent
Solution
solute + solvent
Drops to mL formula
16 drops = 1mL = 1cc
Product of Beta 1 stimulation
Increased rate (chronotropic), strength of contraction (inotropic), HEART
Product of Beta 2 stimulation
Bronchodilation (LUNGS)
Neurotransmitters of somatic and autonomic nervous system
Somatic: ACh
Autonomic: ACh & NE
All effects and roles of sympathetic system
- Alert system for stressful situations
- Increases rate and contractile force
- Bronchodilates
- Relaxes bladder
All effects and roles of parasympathetic system
- Maintenance of homeostatic environment
- Decreases rate & contractile force (heart)
- Bronchoconstricts
- Constricts bladder
Advantages of administering drugs by inhalation
Fewer systemic side effects and less frequent
Purpose of and instructions for giving corticosteroids
Reduce inflammation, Make sure patient rinses mouth
Mucolytics
Breaks down the secretions of mucus
Usage of DPI
Generate sufficient flow, 50L/min
Usage of transdermal medication
HAVE TO WEAR GLOVES
Continuous Albuterol side effects
Tremors, cardiac arrythmias, hypokalemia
Oral or nasal inhalation purpose
Provides local topic treatment into respiratory tract
Trade name/generic name
Albuterol (generic), Proventil (trade)
2 drug calculations
Mg/mL
