Exam 1 Flashcards
Someone who has to know how to solve problems and tells the computer what to do
Programmer
Getting the values
Input
Information displayed for the user to see also you have to figure this out first
Output
A graphical representation of logical steps to carry out a task and show how the steps relate to each other
Flow Chart
Uses English-like phrases with some Visual Basic terms to outline the program
Pseudocode
-short but have meaning
-Given during the time of input
-Often use camel casing format
Traits of variable values
Camel casing
A naming convention where the first letter of each word is capitalized except the initial word
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
The computer’s brain that retrieves instructions from memory and executes them
Consists of an ordered sequence of bytes for storing programs and data that the program works with
Memory
Devices used to permanently store programs and data
Storage devices
1.) Hard disk drives and solid-state drives
2.) Optical disc drive (CD and DVD)
3.) USB flash drives
The three main types of storage devices?
What are communication devices?
Devices that enable computers to be networked
Monitors and printers that display information
Output Devices
Dial-up modem:
Uses a phone line to dial a phone number to connect to the internet and can transfer data at a speed up to 56,00 bps
Communication Devices examples:
-Dial-up modem
-Digital subscriber Line (DSL)
-Cable Modernism
-Wired Network Interface Card
-Wireless Adapter
-Cable modem:
Uses the cable TV line maintained by the cable company and is generally faster than DSL
Digital subscriber Line (DSL)
Connection also uses a standard phone line, but it can transfer data 20 times fasater than a standard dial-up modem
Wired network interface card (NIC):
Device that connects a computer to a local area network (LAN) LANS are commonly used to connect computers with a limited area such as a school, home, and office.
What are these called?
Machine Language,
Assembly Language,
High Level-Languages
Programming Languages
Machine Language
A computer’s native language, that differs among different types of computers, with a set of primitive instructions
Created to make programming easier to read and modify than machine language. Uses descriptive word “mnemonic” to represent each of the machine language instructions.
Assembly Language
English-like and easy to learn and use programming languages. They are platform independent, meaning you can write a program in a high-level language and run it on different machines.
High-level Languages
A program that converts high-level languages into machine language
Complier
Operating System (OS)
The most important program that manages and controls a computer’s activities. Web browser cannot run without OS being installed and running on computer.
When developing an algorithm. What has to be determined first?
The output
Listed below are:
-Controlling and monitoring system activities
-Allocating and assigning system resource
-Scheduling operations
The major tasks of an OS (operating system)
OR’s are
Responsible for determining what computer resources a program needs (This would include: memory space, disks, and input/output devices) and for allocating and assigning them to run the program.
What is the logical order for the three within a program?
Input, Process, Output
Parallelogram
Input/output symbol. Data being read in or displayed out to the user.
First reason why planning before programming is important
The more complicated the problem, the more complex the plan must be
Second reason why planning before programming is important…
Planning and testing before coding saves time
Oval in flowchart
Is the terminal symbol. This shows the beginning and the ending
Third reason why planning before programming is important
Always have a plan before trying to write a program.
Diamond
Is the decision symbol. It is the program logic and can take a different path depending on the output of the question being asked
Lines with arrows
Connects each piece of information to each other and shows which way the chart is flowing.
Rectangle
Processing symbol. Also, known for the mathematical equations.
Circle
Connector
What part of English should each line of pseudocode begin with?
A verb and a sentence fragment
Constant Value
Values that do not change each time the program runs
What is the standard format for pseudocode statements?
Input, Processing, processing, output
Software
Collection of data and programs for the computer
Variable values
are values that can change each time the program runs.
Constant values can
Be coded within the program
What are these?
1.) Central processing unit (CPU)
2.) Memory
3.) Storage units (disks and CDs)
4.) Input (mouse and keyboard)
5.) Output (monitors and printers)
6.)Communication devices (interface cards)
The elements that make up a computer system.
Process
The stage where calculations are formed
