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Space Law > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Which satellite remains in orbit it as the oldest human object in space?

A

Vanguard 1

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2
Q

The IGY was established to study what major event

A

Solar maximum

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3
Q

Aside from the technological achievement, vanguard 1 was also intended as a _____ weapon to contain the threat of communism

A

Idealogical

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4
Q

Which satellite mission showed that the earth was pear shaped

A

Vanguard 1

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5
Q

How many countries collaborated to establish mini track stations in preparation to receive vanguard radio signals

A

8

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6
Q

In 1955 which US president authorized the building of a satellite under the IGY program

A

Eisenhower

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7
Q

Which US space program in the 1960s serves in a technological propaganda battle between the US and the USSR

A

Apollo

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8
Q

The planting of the American flag on the moon in 1969 serves as a _____ of territory and victory

A

Symbolic claim

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9
Q

According to your article which nation was excluded from the Goodwill messages disk provided by 73 countries and left on the moon by the Apollo 11 astronauts

A

USSR

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10
Q

According to the author what three things established outer space as an area where the Cold War conflict between the US and the USSR played out

A

Nuclear weapon development
New forms of espionage
Long range missiles

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11
Q

What is a sovereign nation

A

Self governing state

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12
Q

When was the ad hoc committee created by the UN General Assembly for the purpose of studying and defining problems concerning space

A

1958

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13
Q

Agreement between two countries

A

Bilateral treaty

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14
Q

Agreement between more than two countries

A

Multilateral treaty

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15
Q

Which specialized international agency is tasked with allocating and maintaining the international register for radio frequency spectrum and allocations as well as associated satellite orbits

A

ITU

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16
Q

Origins of rocketry

A

11th century China
Konstantinos Tsiolkovsky
Goddard

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17
Q

Modern military context

A

WW2 Germany
Use of destructive rockets

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18
Q

When was the IGY established

A

1952-1958

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19
Q

What were the ideals for vanguard

A

Scientific
Appear peaceful
Cooperation

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20
Q

Geopolitical concerns

A

Technological superiority
National sovereignty

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21
Q

What was the name of the project that the Air Force used MIT to conduct tests on needles in space

A

West Ford project

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22
Q

Space law

A

Body of law governing space related activities

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23
Q

Space law regime

A

Interprets existing and guides future law

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24
Q

Primary purpose of international law

A

Safeguard peaceful relations amongst states

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25
Q

UN Charter 1945

A

Foundational instrument in law of soace

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26
Q

Sputnik

A

1957
1st satellite
Borders blurred

27
Q

1932 Vladimir Mandl on space law before Sputnik

A

Vertical cone of sovereignty

28
Q

UN Charter

A

195 member states plus 2

29
Q

UNCOPUOS

A

1958
18 members
Establishes ad hoc copuos

30
Q

UNCOPUOS permanent body

A

1959
24 members
Space competent and developing nations
Science and technological subcommittee
Legal subcommittee

31
Q

UNOOSA

A

1958
UN secretary for CORPUOS
UN office for outer space affairs

32
Q

What are the five international treaties

A

Outer space treaty 1967
Rescue and return agreement 1968
Liability convention 1972
Registration convention 1976
Moon agreement (not US) 1979

33
Q

Which international instrument iterates the fundamental precept of the sovereign equality of States?

A

1945 UN Charter

34
Q

Which source of international law governs the interpretation of treaties

A

Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties

35
Q

Which of the following entities is a specialized agency of the United Nations

A

ITU

36
Q

Where do we find the sources of general international law outlined

A

ICJ Statute

37
Q

Which of the following constitute sources of international law

A

International conventions
Judicial decisions
General principles of law
Juridical publications
International Custom

38
Q

Which Article of the UN Charter holds that “in the event of a conflict between the obligations of the Members [States]…and their obligations under any other international agreement…the present Charter shall prevail”?

A

Art 103

39
Q

The Outer Space Treaty has most often been compared to what other international treaty?

A

The Antarctic Treaty

40
Q

The primary and predominant actors in space law are

A

States

41
Q

Which entity is tasked with collecting and disseminating important space related information, administering the Register of Space Objects and managing various other space programs?

A

UNOOSA

42
Q

The discussions and recommendations of _____________ have been vital in creating the basic structure of space law

A

UNCOPUOS

43
Q

The UNCOPUOS first raised the delimitation of outer space question in

A

1959

44
Q

In 1976 six equatorial States signed this legal instrument in contestation of their claims of sovereignty over equatorial orbits.

A

The bogota declaration

45
Q

Outer Space Treaty Article I provides for __ specific freedoms in outer space

A

3

46
Q

Which article of the Outer Space Treaty stipulates the freedoms of outer space for States

A

Article 1

47
Q

The __________ is a coalition of developing nations created in 1964 to promote its’ members collective economic interests and to enhance their joint negotiating capacity in the UN

A

The group of 77

48
Q

Which of the following is not a stipulated freedom of outer space:

A

Freedom of militarization

49
Q

Current national legislative efforts to provide space mining rights to private entities is limited by which article of the Outer Space Treaty?

A

Art 2

50
Q

The drafting of the Rescue and Return Agreement (ARRA) was prompted by

A

Humanitarian sentiments

51
Q

ARRA Article 1 requires States who receive information or discover that personnel of spacecraft are experiencing distress

A

Public announcement (by appropriate means)
UN Secretary-General
Launching authority

52
Q

Under ARRA Art 4, if personnel of spacecraft (State A) land in the territory of another State (State B), due to accident, distress, emergency or unintentional landing, then State B must return them to

A

Launching authority

53
Q

Under ARRA Art 5, States have a duty to notify if they discover or receive information that an uncrewed space object (or its component parts) has landed in its territory or the high seas

A

True

54
Q

law refers to hard law, like treaties, that are legally binding upon the States that ratify them.

A

Comventional

55
Q

National laws, as well as activities by private entities, must remain in full harmony with international law obligations, even in space.

A

True

56
Q

Which UN entity was (officially) formed in 1959

A

UNCOPUOS

57
Q

Which of the following constitutes an international conventional source of space law

A

Outer space treaty

58
Q

How many Articles does the Outer Space Treaty have

A

17

59
Q

The Rescue and Return Agreement further elaborates on which foundational Article from the Outer Space Treaty?

A

Art 5

60
Q

Which international space treaty is the longest?

A

Liability

61
Q

The Registration Convention elaborates on which foundational Article from the Outer Space Treaty?

A

8

62
Q

Which space treaty iterates the concept “common heritage of mankind

A

Moon

63
Q

Which space treaty has failed to garner significant international recognition and State signatures

A

Moon

Space Law (5 decks)

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