Exam 1 Flashcards
What happens chemically in hydrolysis
A covalent bond is broken and a H is added to one side and an OH is added to another
A glucose polymer synthesized by liver, muscle, uterine, and vaginal cells that serves as an energy-storage polysaccharide is a _______ molecule
glycogen
energy storage molecule in plants is called
starch
true or false: unsaturated fatty acids do not have double bonds
false, they do!
true or false: saturated fatty acids have double bonds
false, they dont!
which term refers to a molecule composed predominantly of a carbohydrate covalently bonded to a smaller protein component
a proteoglycan
hydrophobic organic compound composed mainly of carbon and a high ratio of hydrogen:oxygen
lipid
what two functional groups do fatty acids contain
carboxyl and methyl
linoleic acids are examples of ______ fatty acids (sat. or unsat.)
unsaturated
proteoglycans form ____
steroids
what macromolecule is a triglyceride and steroid
lipid
is palmitic acid saturated or unsaturated
saturated
double bonds in fatty acid carbon chains indicates a _______ fatty acid
unsaturated
________ fatty acids cannot be synthesized and must be obtained from your diet
essential
three fatty acids joined to a glycerol is a _________
triglyceride
________ molecules contain both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic region
amphiphilic
double bonds in fatty acids mean….
unsaturated!
polyunsaturated = more than 2 DBs
a common signaling molecule derived from a fatty acid
prostaglandin
cholesterol is an example of a
steroid
20 carbon compound derived from arachidonic acid
eicosanoids
whats a prostaglandin
an eicosanoid with a single 5C chain
level of protein structure including folding and alpha helices
secondary
three parts of an amino acid
amino, carboxyl, R group
tertiary structure is
bending proteins into globular or fibrous shapes
protein structire determined by the interactions between two or more polypeptide chains within a protein
quarternary level
true or false: a prostetic group is usually a smaller peptide
false
true or false: proteins make up molecules that transport oxygen
true
whats the prosthetic group in a glycoprotein molecule
carbohydrate
keratin and collagen are ________ proteins
structural
true or false: enzymes can act as reactants in the reactions they catalyze
false
an enzyme that adds an inorganic phosphate group to another organic molecule is known as a _____-
kinase or
phosphokinase
I LUUUUUUVVV ORGANIC!!!!!!!!!!!!!
yes.
whats the toxic end product of anaerobic fermentation
lactic acid
true or false: GTP and ATP are nucleotides
true!
______ enzymes add phosphate groups
kinase
addition of an inorganic phosphate group to a organic molecule is known as the process of __________
phosphorylation
_____ can be an extra source of phosphate for ATP
GTP
whats a molecule derived from ATP and often serves as a second messenger
cAMP
what organs are in the right hypochondriac region
liver and gallbladder
what organs are in the right iliac region
ascending colon, right kidney, part of small intestine
what organs are in the right lumbar region
stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, adrenal glands
what organs are in the left hypochondriac region
spleen, colon, pancreas, part of the liver
what organs are in the left iliac region
descending colon, sigmoid colon, part of small intestines
what organs are in the left lumbar region
descending colon, left kidney, part of small intestine
what organs are in the epigastric region
stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, adrenal glands
what organs are in the hypogastric region
bladder, sigmoid colon, ovaries and uterus
