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A & P > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What happens chemically in hydrolysis

A

A covalent bond is broken and a H is added to one side and an OH is added to another

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2
Q

A glucose polymer synthesized by liver, muscle, uterine, and vaginal cells that serves as an energy-storage polysaccharide is a _______ molecule

A

glycogen

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2
Q

energy storage molecule in plants is called

A

starch

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3
Q

true or false: unsaturated fatty acids do not have double bonds

A

false, they do!

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4
Q

true or false: saturated fatty acids have double bonds

A

false, they dont!

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5
Q

which term refers to a molecule composed predominantly of a carbohydrate covalently bonded to a smaller protein component

A

a proteoglycan

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6
Q

hydrophobic organic compound composed mainly of carbon and a high ratio of hydrogen:oxygen

A

lipid

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7
Q

what two functional groups do fatty acids contain

A

carboxyl and methyl

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8
Q

linoleic acids are examples of ______ fatty acids (sat. or unsat.)

A

unsaturated

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9
Q

proteoglycans form ____

A

steroids

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10
Q

what macromolecule is a triglyceride and steroid

A

lipid

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11
Q

is palmitic acid saturated or unsaturated

A

saturated

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12
Q

double bonds in fatty acid carbon chains indicates a _______ fatty acid

A

unsaturated

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13
Q

________ fatty acids cannot be synthesized and must be obtained from your diet

A

essential

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14
Q

three fatty acids joined to a glycerol is a _________

A

triglyceride

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15
Q

________ molecules contain both a hydrophobic and hydrophilic region

A

amphiphilic

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16
Q

double bonds in fatty acids mean….

A

unsaturated!
polyunsaturated = more than 2 DBs

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17
Q

a common signaling molecule derived from a fatty acid

A

prostaglandin

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18
Q

cholesterol is an example of a

A

steroid

19
Q

20 carbon compound derived from arachidonic acid

A

eicosanoids

20
Q

whats a prostaglandin

A

an eicosanoid with a single 5C chain

21
Q

level of protein structure including folding and alpha helices

A

secondary

22
Q

three parts of an amino acid

A

amino, carboxyl, R group

23
Q

tertiary structure is

A

bending proteins into globular or fibrous shapes

24
Q

protein structire determined by the interactions between two or more polypeptide chains within a protein

A

quarternary level

25
Q

true or false: a prostetic group is usually a smaller peptide

A

false

26
Q

true or false: proteins make up molecules that transport oxygen

A

true

27
Q

whats the prosthetic group in a glycoprotein molecule

A

carbohydrate

28
Q

keratin and collagen are ________ proteins

A

structural

29
Q

true or false: enzymes can act as reactants in the reactions they catalyze

A

false

30
Q

an enzyme that adds an inorganic phosphate group to another organic molecule is known as a _____-

A

kinase or
phosphokinase

31
Q

I LUUUUUUVVV ORGANIC!!!!!!!!!!!!!

A

yes.

32
Q

whats the toxic end product of anaerobic fermentation

A

lactic acid

33
Q

true or false: GTP and ATP are nucleotides

A

true!

34
Q

______ enzymes add phosphate groups

A

kinase

35
Q

addition of an inorganic phosphate group to a organic molecule is known as the process of __________

A

phosphorylation

36
Q

_____ can be an extra source of phosphate for ATP

A

GTP

37
Q

whats a molecule derived from ATP and often serves as a second messenger

A

cAMP

38
Q

what organs are in the right hypochondriac region

A

liver and gallbladder

39
Q

what organs are in the right iliac region

A

ascending colon, right kidney, part of small intestine

40
Q

what organs are in the right lumbar region

A

stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, adrenal glands

41
Q

what organs are in the left hypochondriac region

A

spleen, colon, pancreas, part of the liver

42
Q

what organs are in the left iliac region

A

descending colon, sigmoid colon, part of small intestines

43
Q

what organs are in the left lumbar region

A

descending colon, left kidney, part of small intestine

44
Q

what organs are in the epigastric region

A

stomach, liver, pancreas, duodenum, adrenal glands

45
Q

what organs are in the hypogastric region

A

bladder, sigmoid colon, ovaries and uterus

A & P (4 decks)

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