Exam 1 Flashcards
What makes Florida so easy for invasive species?
- Over 20 ports of entry
- 85% of plants imported to the US go through Miami
- Over 50 million people visit Florida each year
- Tropical and subtropical climate
4 Criteria for invasive pests to thrive
1) No natural enemies
2) Abundance of food
3) Suitable climate conditions
4) Outcompete native species
4 Components of regulatory control
1) Prevention
2) Containment/mitigation
3) Eradication
4) Public education
What does USDA-APHIS stand for?
United States Department of Agriculture - Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service
What does USDA-APHIS do?
Works on the national level to prevent invasive species.
Plant Protection and Quarantine (PPQ) program
Inspections
What does FDACS-DPI stand for?
Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services - Division of Plant Industry
What does FDACS-DPI do?
Conducts statewide surveys to limit the spread of pests and inspections to monitor points of entry
Phylum Protozoa
single celled organism
Phylum Platyhelminthes
flatworms and tapeworms
Phylum Echinodermata
starfish and sea urchins
Phylum Nematoda
roundworms (nematodes)
Phylum Mollusca
clams, squids, slugs, snails, etc.
Phylum Annelida
segmented worms (earthworms)
Phylum Chordata
fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals
Phylum Arthropoda
means “jointed appendage” or “jointed foot”
insects, crustaceans, mites, ticks, spiders
Key traits of arthropods
bilateral symmetry, paired appendages, chitinous exoskeleton, ventral nerve chord, open circulatory system
Subphylum Trilobita
Trilobites: extinct marine animals
Subphylum Chelicerata
horseshoe crabs and arachnids: no antennae, 1 pair chelicerae, 1 pair pedipalps, 4 pairs of legs
Classes within subphylum Chelicerata
Scorpiones, Pseudoscorpiones, Acari, Opiliones, Araneae
Salticidae
jumping spiders
Lycosidae
wolf spiders
Araneidae
orb weavers
Agelinidae
grass spiders and funnel weavers
Thomisidae
crab spiders
Subphylum Myriapoda
centipedes and millipedes
Class Diplopoda
Millipedes: 30 or more body segments with 2 pairs of legs each. Short antennae.
Class Chilopoda
Centipedes: 15 or more body segments with 1 pair of legs each. Long antennae and venomous fangs.
Subphylum Crustacea
crustaceans: 5+ pairs of legs, 2 pairs of antennae (or none), divided into cephalothorax and abdomen. Most have gills (except pillbugs/sowbugs)
Subphylum Hexapoda
hexapods including insects
What are the components of an insect’s exoskeleton?
chitin, sclerotin, lipids, phenols, and quinones
What are the 3 parts of an insect antenna?
scape, pedicel, and flagellum
Name 4 types of insect legs
Natatorial: swimming
Saltatorial: jumping
Fossorial: digging
Raptorial: grasping
Cursorial: running
Name the parts of an insect leg from basal to distal
Coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, tarsi/tarsal claw
Where do the wings attach to the body on an insect?
Forewing attaches to mesothorax, hindwing attaches to metathorax
Name the 4 types of insect wings
1) Membranous wings
2) Elytra: fully hardened
3) Tegmina: thickened and leathery
4) Hemelytra: thickened, leathery basal portion with membranous distal portion
Also could have no wings or hind wings replaced with halteres
