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GNUR101 - Health Assessment > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

Chapters 1-6

1
Q

1oz to ml

A

30ml

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2
Q

1tbs (T) to ml and tsp

A

15 ml = 3tsp

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3
Q

1oz to tbs

A

2tbs

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4
Q

1 cup to ml and oz

A

240 ml = 8oz

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5
Q

1 pint (pt) to ml and oz

A

500ml = 16oz

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6
Q

1 quart (qt) to ml and oz

A

1000ml = 32oz

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7
Q

1 pound (lbs) to oz

A

16oz

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8
Q

1kg to lbs

A

2.2lbs

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9
Q

1 inch to cm

A

2.5cm

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10
Q

how to calculate F

A

1.8*C + 32

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11
Q

how to calculate C

A

5/9 * (F - 32)

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12
Q

1 pint to cups

A

2c

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13
Q

1 quart to pints and cups

A

2 pints = 4 cups

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14
Q

1 gallon to quarts and pints

A

4 quarts = 8 pints

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15
Q

1 ton to lbs

A

2000lbs

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16
Q

1foot to inches

A

12 inches

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17
Q

1 yard to feet and inches

A

3 feet = 36 inches

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18
Q

6 Standards of Nursing Practice

A
  1. Assessment
  2. Diagnosis
  3. Outcome Identification
  4. Planning
  5. Implementation
    6.Evaluation
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19
Q

1st step of nursing practice - assessment

A

RN collects data and information

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20
Q

2nd step of nursing practice - diagnosis

A

RN analyzes assessment data to determine actual or potential diagnoses

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21
Q

3rd step of nursing practice - outcome identification

A

RN identifies expected outcomes for a plan of care

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22
Q

4th step of nursing practice - planning

A

RN develops a plan to attain expected outcome

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23
Q

5th step of nursing practice - implementation

A

implementation of the plan of care

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24
Q

6th step of nursing practice - evaluation

A

evaluation of the progress

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25
Q

5 types of health assessment

A
  1. comprehensive
  2. problem-based/focused
  3. episodic/follow-up
  4. shift assessment
  5. screening assessment
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26
Q

screening assessment

A

focused on disease detection

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27
Q

4 components of health assessment are

A
  1. health history
  2. physical examination
  3. reviewing other data from health records
  4. documenting the findings
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28
Q

Subjective data

A

symptoms, family history - data collected during an interview

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29
Q

objective data

A

signs - data collected during physical examination

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30
Q

Palpation

A

method of feeling with the fingers or hands during a physical examination

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31
Q

Inspection

A

Visually assess patient

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32
Q

Percussion

A

tapping body parts with fingers, hands, or small instruments

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33
Q

Auscultation

A

listening to the sounds of the body

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34
Q

what is EHR

A

digital version of personal health information

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35
Q

when should the documentation occur

A

at the time of the health care encounter

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36
Q

define clinical judgement

A

interpretation or conclusion about patient’s needs, concerns, or health problems

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37
Q

what 4 components are involved in clinical judgement

A
  1. nurse’s knowledge
  2. experience
  3. ethical perspective
  4. knowing the patient
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38
Q

Clinical manifestations

A

signs and symptoms associated with a specific disease

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39
Q

what is client’s problem list

A

key component of data analysis - summary of health problems

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40
Q

3 levels of health promotion

A
  1. primary prevention
  2. secondary prevention
  3. tertiary prevention
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41
Q

primary prevention

A

protection to prevent occurrence of disease

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42
Q

secondary prevention

A

early identification of disease

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43
Q

tertiary prevention

A

minimizes severity and disability from disease

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44
Q

3 phases of an interview

A
  1. introduction phase
  2. discussion phase
  3. summary phase
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45
Q

purpose of open-ended questions

A

encourage free flowing, open response

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46
Q

directive questions are also called

A

close-ended questions

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47
Q

facilitation

A

uses phrases to encourage patients to continue talking

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48
Q

clarification

A

used to obtain more information about statements

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49
Q

reflection

A

used to gain clarification by restating a phrase used by the patient

50
Q

why should “why questions” be avoided

A

they may make patients defensive

51
Q

why nurses may need to use silence as an interview technique

A

to give patients time to reflect or gather courage

52
Q

another term for chief concern

A

presenting problem

53
Q

what is a chief concern

A

the reason for seeking care

54
Q

symptom analysis (old carts)

A
  1. Onset - when did symptoms begin
  2. Location - where is the symptom
  3. Duration - how long does it last
  4. Characteristics - describe the symptom
  5. Aggravating factors - what makes symptom worse
  6. Related symptoms - are other symptoms present
  7. Treatment - what factors alleviate it
  8. Severity - describe intensity
55
Q

past health history is significant because

A

it may have some effect on patient’s current health needs

56
Q

family history is significant because

A

to identify genetic or familial illnesses

57
Q

personal and psychosocial history explores what

A

variety of topics including any information that reflects patient’s mental and physical health

58
Q

where are standard precautions applied

A

in all aspects of patient care and in all health settings

59
Q

what is single most important action to reduce the transmission of infection

A

hand hygiene

60
Q

6 primary elements of standard precautions are

A
  1. hand hygiene
  2. PPE
  3. respiratory hygiene
  4. appropriate patient placement
  5. managing contaminated equipment
  6. environmental infection control
61
Q

sequence of putting on PPE

A

gown, mask, goggles/face shield, gloves

62
Q

what do transmission-based precautions involve

A

1) contact precautions
2) droplet precautions
3) airborne precautions

63
Q

what are transmission-based precautions designed for

A

for the control of infections among patients with infections of epidemiological significance

64
Q

4 measures to prevent latex allergy

A
  1. use non-latex gloves for activities that do not involve infectious material
  2. usage of powder-free (low allergen) gloves
  3. do not use oil-based hand lotions
  4. wash hands with soap immediately after removal
65
Q

describe lung percussion sounds

A

resonant, loud, and hollow

66
Q

describe bone and muscle percussion sounds

A

flat, soft, very dull

67
Q

describe viscera and liver borders percussion sounds

A

dull, medium loud, thud like

68
Q

describe stomach and gas percussion sounds

A

tympanic, loud, drumlike

69
Q

describe air trapped in lung percussion sounds

A

hyper resonant, very loud, booming

70
Q

7 heart sounds (locations)

A
71
Q

thermometer function and normal parameters

A

measures body temperature - 96.24 to 99.1 (35.8 - 37.3 C), average is 37 (98.6)

72
Q

stethoscope function

A

to auscultate sounds within the body

73
Q

sphygmomanometer function and normal parameters

A

blood pressure device - less than 120/80

74
Q

pulse oximeter function

A

oxygen saturation in arterial blood

75
Q

skinfold caliper function

A

used to estimate body fat

76
Q

wood lamp function

A

used to detect fungal infections of the skin or corneal abrasions of the eye

77
Q

distance vision charts (names, for whom, how)

A

Snellen or Sloan chart - for english speaking adults and kids 6+ - 20ft away

78
Q

near vision examination (name, how)

A

Rosenbaum chart - 14inch away

79
Q

ophthalmoscope function

A

to inspect internal structures of the eye

80
Q

otoscope function

A

to inspect external auditory canal and tympanic membrane

81
Q

audio scope function

A

used to perform basic screening for hearing

82
Q

2 purposes of tuning fork

A

auditory screening and assessment of vibration sensation

83
Q

nasal speculum function

A

to inspect internal surfaces of the nose

84
Q

doppler function

A

amplifies sounds that are difficult to hear with stethoscope

85
Q

goniometer is used to measure flexion of what

A

flexion or extension of the joint

86
Q

deep tendon reflexes are tested with

A

percussion hammer

87
Q

monofilament is used to test sensation of

A

sensation on the lower extremities

88
Q

vaginal speculum is used to

A

to spread the walls of vaginal canal

89
Q

what is systolic blood pressure

A

maximum pressure exerted on arteries when ventricles contract

90
Q

what is diastolic blood pressure

A

minimum amount of pressure exerted on vessels during ventricular relaxation

91
Q

Korotkoff sound

A

blood flow sound

92
Q

first Korotkoff sound

A

the initial sound of blood pulsating through artery when cuff relaxes

93
Q

6 errors resulting in false high pressure

A

crossed legs, arm below level of the heart, cuff too narrow, deflating too slowly, reinflating before deflating, not waiting 1-2min between obtaining repeat measurement

94
Q

5 errors resulting in false low pressure

A

arm above the level of heart, cuff too wide, not inflating cuff enough, deflating too rapidly, pressing too firmly

95
Q

what does diversity refer to

A

differences in gender, age, culture, race, ethnicity, religion, etc.

96
Q

knowledge, belief, art, morals, customs and habits acquired by person as member of society is

A

culture

97
Q

characteristics that group may share in some combination is

A

ethnicity

98
Q

race is

A

genetic in origin - skin color, blood type, eye color, hair color

99
Q

spirituality is

A

search for the sacred, broad term

100
Q

religion refers to

A

organized system of beliefs

101
Q

sex refers to

A

person’s genetic composition

102
Q

gender is

A

society’s perception of person’s sex

103
Q

gender identity is

A

person’s internal sense of self

104
Q

cultural desire

A

giving up prejudices and biases

105
Q

cultural awareness

A

self-examination of own cultural background

106
Q

learning about values, traditions, and religions of other cultures is

A

cultural knowledge

107
Q

collecting cultural data about patient’s health problem is

A

cultural skill

108
Q

opportunities for nurses to interact with patients from culturally diverse backgrounds is

A

cultural encounters

109
Q

somatic pain

A

bone, joint, muscle, skin, connective tissue

110
Q

visceral pain

A

thoracic, pelvic, abdominal viscera

111
Q

reffered pain

A

refers to visceral pain, person feels pain away from the tissue

112
Q

neuropathic pain

A

abnormal processing by nervous systems (such as phantom pain)

113
Q

pain threshold

A

point at which a stimulus is perceived as pain

114
Q

pain tolerance

A

duration of intensity person endures before reacting

115
Q

pain assessment tools

A

NRS (numeric) and FPS-R (faces)

116
Q

NRS will provide inaccurate data for people from these countries/cultures

A

China, Japan, some Native Americans

117
Q

proxy reporting

A

used for patients who cannot communicate - gathering information from others who are knowledgeable about the patient

118
Q

when a problem-based assessment should be used

A

should be only used in case of emergency

119
Q

acute pain

A

lasts less than 6 months

120
Q

chronic pain

A

more than 6 months

121
Q

Normal heart rate, o2 stat, respiration rate

A

Heart Rate: 60 to 100bpm
oxygen: 95-100%
respiration- 12 - 20 breaths per minute

GNUR101 - Health Assessment (5 decks)

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