Exam 1

Question 1

Synapomorphies

Answer 1

A characteristic present in an ancestral species and shared exclusively by its evolutionary descendants.

Question 2

Homologous trait

Answer 2

When organisms share a trait due to common ancestry

Question 3

Analogous trait

Answer 3

Traits that are similar due to reasons other than relatedness

Question 4

Deleterious mutation

Answer 4

A mutation that causes an individual have or be a risk of developing a certain disorder or disease

Question 5

Advantageous mutation

Answer 5

A mutation that has a positive affect on an individual

Question 6

Gene pool

Answer 6

the stock of different genes in an interbreeding population.

Question 7

How do mutations contribute to the formation of a new allele?

Answer 7

Mutations create a new genetic sequence for a gene.

Question 8

List the Hardy Weinberg assumptions

Answer 8

1. There is no selection
2. Large Population
3. No gene flow (migration)
4. No mutation
5. Random mating

Question 9

What is the Hardy Weinberg equation?

Answer 9

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

Question 10

Differential Reproductive Success

Answer 10

Some individuals have traits that are better for surviving and reproducing

Question 11

How will natural selection affect certain alleles

Answer 11

Alleles that are less fit will show up less due to not being passed on. Opposite for more fit alleles.