Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ASCI 41 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Elastrator

A

Tool used for tail banding and castration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Vaccines given at processing

A

CD&T - 2cc, subQ (thigh)
BoSe - 1cc, subQ (thigh)
Soremouth “orf” - 2 pokes thru ear vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

CD&T prevention

A
  • Tetanus (bacteria living in soil. Infections can occur during docking and castration)
  • Enterotoxemia (aka pulpy kidney, overeating disease)
  • clostridial types C and D
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

BoSe prevention

A
  • White muscle disease
  • selenium deficiency (CA soil is naturally selenium-deficient)

Selenium is responsible for ligament and tendon function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Orf prevention

A

Soremouth disease (aka ovine ecthyma)
- highly contagious to other animals and people
- pustules form around mucus membranes (mouth, nose, udder, vulva, between toes)
- live vaccine

Treatment- pop pustules and slather with iodine to dry out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Clip, dip, strip

A

Clip- umbilical cord to one inch
Dip- imperial cord in iodine (disinfects and dries it out)
Strip- mom’s teats (removes waxy keratin plug)

Then, make sure lamb nurses and gets colostrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

INforce

A
  • Given as close to birth as possible (after lamb is done coughing up fluid)
  • prevents respiratory disease, helps build immunity with vitamins and minerals
  • 1/4 cc (2 pumps) in nose (“intranasally”)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Nutridrench

A
  • Molasses product that gives energy
  • whole bottle squirted in mouth
  • only given after lamb has nursed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Buck / ram

A

Intact male sheep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Wether

A

Castrated male sheep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Ewe

A

Female sheep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ewe lamb

A

Young female sheep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Brood ewe / yearlings

A
  • Need to grow before sending to breed
  • Older than lambs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Trends in sheep population

A

Decreasing (8 to 5 million in last 5 years)
- big switch to synthetic fibers, decreased demand for wool
- not many people are eating lamb

<1% of livestock industry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Top producing sheep states in US

A

1 Texas

#2 California

Top 2 make up 25% of lamb population
- open space grassland that’s unfavorable to cattle, more unfavorable roughage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Reasons for sheep production decline

A
  • more synthetic fibers (big lead time to produce wool, including up to a year to grow 3-5 inches)
  • more intensive management
  • parasites
  • predators
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Parasite control

A

Deworming every 3 months
- lambs oral dewormer
- ewes injected dewormer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why are sheep favorable?

A
  • easier to handle
  • lower investment cost
  • vegetation control
  • more efficient than cattle (less space required, lower feed ratio, less methane production)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Carcass qualities

A
  • trimness (fat holds in sheepy flavor)
  • muscle quality
  • grade quality (98% of lamb will grade choice)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Milk quality

A
  • Sheep will produce 1/2 to 1 gallon fluid milk every day
  • sheep milk high in fat, popular to make cheese
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Sheep breeds at FSU

A

Hampshire x Suffolk cross (good for show)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Black face breeds

A
  • meat production
  • bad wool quality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

White face breeds

A
  • maternal characteristics
  • good milking ability
  • good wool quality
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Gestation length

A

147 days

(144-151 days)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Typical feeding ration

A

Lambs eat ~4 lbs grain plus alfalfa per day

Sheep should eat ~5 lbs per day
- 1/2 flake in morning
- 1/2 flake at night

Lactating ewes eat ~8 lbs per day
- includes 1 lb grain (ewe pellet)

Ewe pellet given before pregnancy thru lambing

26
Q

Mastitis prevention

A

Most cases at lamb weaning
- ewes initially moved to dry lot and not fed for 3 days, limited water
- bacteria can lay dormant in tissues until next lactation

Blue-bag mastitis
- caused by E. coli
- tissue dies, turns blue, udder falls off

27
Q

Breeding season

A

Typically begins Aug-Oct

28
Q

Estrus cycle

A

13-19 days

17 days on average

29
Q

Flushing

A
  • starts 2 weeks before breeding and continues for the first month of breeding season
  • adds weight back on sheep
  • can increase breeding % by increasing number of eggs ovulated
  • done by adding .5-1 lb grain per day or moving to higher quality pasture
30
Q

Practices to maximize breeding season

A
  • flushing
  • use teaser rams (induces ovulation)
  • marking harness
31
Q

Early-mid gestation

A
  • fetal growth minimal during first 15 weeks
32
Q

Late gestation

A
  • 70% of fetal development
  • belly drops, udder develops
33
Q

Dystocia

A

Difficult birth

  • can be caused by a large fetus, fat ewe, breached lamb, small pelvis, disease
34
Q

Pregnancy toxemia / ketosis

A

Ewe can’t take in enough energy and body starts to burn reserves - increases blood pH

  • more common in white-faced sheep
  • can treat with propylene glycol or IV glucose
  • only cure is to deliver the lamb
35
Q

Crutching

A

Shearing just the back end of a sheep

  • prevents “fly strike” (flies lay eggs which burrow into skin)
36
Q

Grafting

A

Use of surrogate mother to raise baby

  • rub placental fluid on lamb in hopes that ewe takes it
  • must happen right after surrogate delivers her own lambs
37
Q

Lambing jug / jail

A

Used to acquaint mom with her lambs

  • confined space
  • typically used for 3-5 days
  • good setting to monitor health of lamb
  • must be cleaned/bedded often (must be dry and 6” bedding to create warmth)
38
Q

Lamb birth weights

A

3.5 to 20 pounds on average

  • lower birth weights come out of yearling moms
39
Q

Joint ill

A

Improper iodine dip of umbilical cord allows for bacterial/fungal infection

  • lamb hunches up
  • infection sets up in joints of lamb
  • causes arthritis
40
Q

Navel ill

A

Improper iodine dip of umbilical cord allows for bacterial/fungal infection

  • swollen navel area
41
Q

Commercial vs. show docking

A

Commercial dock
- 1.5 inches
- done with knife

Show dock
- no tail
- can only be done with bands

42
Q

Banding

A

Used for docking and castration.

Cuts off circulation to tail
- bloodless (not painless)

43
Q

Weaning

A

At 60 days
(At 30 days for bottle lambs)

  • done as a group
44
Q

Replacement ewe lambs for breeding

A
  • can be bred at 60% body weight = 100 lb minimum (not dependent on age)
45
Q

Scrapie

A

Prion disease that affects the central nervous system

  • transferred thru placental membrane
  • 24 month incubation period (may take 2-5 yrs onset- only happens in older animals)
  • disease eats holes in the brain
  • symptoms: wool picking, unsteadiness, seizures, lip smacking, thin, high stepping
46
Q

Scrapie prevention

A
  • blood testing
  • 3rd eyelid test
  • slaughter surveillance (animals that cannot walk or showing signs are put down, not sold for human consumption)
  • scrapie eradication program
47
Q

Who needs a scrapie tag?

A
  • animals crossing state line
  • any animal leaving facility
  • all sexually intact animals
  • cull sheep over 18 months of age
  • wethers in county shows
48
Q

Spider lamb syndrome

A

Genetic structural deformity of limbs and lack of muscular development

  • lambs don’t live very long
  • blood testing to determine carrier status
49
Q

Club lamb fungus

A
  • ie. Ringworm
  • zoonotic
  • highly contagious
  • treated with anti fungal medications
50
Q

4 major killers of newborn lambs

A
  • starvation
  • hypothermia
  • scours
  • pneumonia

Under 24 hours- generally result of exposure
After 24 hours- generally result of starvation

51
Q

Treating a hypothermic lamb

A
  • feed colostrum to elevate temp (or feed milk replacer, depending on age)
  • move to warmer environment
  • give “ringer” - warm fluids subQ
  • do not heat up lamb too quickly or it will go into a fever
  • can cover lamb and float in warm water
  • dextrose (sugar water) injection directly into peritoneal
52
Q

Major signs a lamb is dying

A
  • flat on its side
  • inside of mouth is cold

When lambs are hungry, blood sugar goes down and body can no longer regulate body temperature

When lamb temp is too low (under 100 degrees), lamb loses suckling reflex and must be tube fed

53
Q

Age of lambing for yearlings

A

12-14 months

54
Q

Time of largest pull of nutrients for ewe

A

6-8 weeks into lactation (lambs are eating more)

55
Q

Milk fever

A

Low blood calcium caused by not enough calcium in diet

  • causes heart failure
  • treat with IV or subQ calcium solution (must be administered slowly or heart can race and cause heart attack)
56
Q

Colostrogenesis

A

Creation of colostrum
- occurs 1 month prior to lambing

57
Q

Bummers

A

Orphaned lambs or if there’s something wrong with them

  • will not grow as they should
58
Q

Milk bar

A

Allows for self feeding of orphaned lambs throughout day

59
Q

Scours causes

A
  • stress marker for lambs
  • overgrowth of coccidia
60
Q

Body condition scoring

A

1-emaciated
3-ideal
5-fat, flat

  • good mothers lose weight during lactation, common to lose .5-1 in BCS
  • changes depending on production cycle
  • scores at breeding and weaning and most crucial
61
Q

Age of sexual maturity in lambs

A

Between 5-12 months

62
Q

Prolapse causes

A

Rectal / vaginal - genetic
Uterine - build up of pressure from lambing

ASCI 41 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions