Exam 1 Flashcards
Respiratory distress signs
Dyspnea, shortness of breath or cramping in the calf muscles
Causes of respiratory distress in a tracheostomy pt
Mucus plugging, tube displacement, disruption or disconnection of oxygen
What mobilization technique improves internal rotation of the forearm (proximally)
Postero-lateral glide and anterior roll of radius
When is the maximum risk for a burn with the usage of a hot pack
5 minutes
What is the proper usage of a heating pad? Water temp, duration of use, layers?
165° F, 20-30min, 6-8 layers
A pt is demonstrating an upper extremity flexion synergy following a CVA. Will they demonstrate forearm pronation or supination with this synergy?
Forearm supination
What are the upper extremity flexion synergy components
Scapular retraction/elevation, shoulder abduction & ER, elbow flexion, forearm supination, wrist and finger flexion
Nerve conduction velocity testing is being done for the median nerve. What muscle is most commonly used to assess this nerve?
Abductor pollicis brevis
According to the roll and slide mechanisms, During right forearm supination at the proximal radioulnar joint, the radial head will:
Roll posteriorly and slide anteriorly
The sympathetic nervous system contributes to increased heart rate or increased rate of breathing in response to acute exercise?
Increased rate of breathing
A 2 yo sustains burns to their anterior legs, face, chest, and abdomen. Approximate surface area that is burned is?
39.5%
In a pt with long-standing type 1 diabetes mellitus is the HR lower at rest, higher at rest, or become fixed?
HR becomes fixed
A therapist is examining a SLR by doing hip flexion, knee extension, and ankle DF with inversion. Which nerve is most likely being biased?
Sural nerve
What is decorticate rigidity?
Upper limbs in flexion and lower limbs in extension
If the uvula is angled to the right during a cranial nerve assessment. Which cranial nerve is affected and which side is mostly weak
CN 10, Weak left
Condition that represents S3 heart sound
CHF
Condition that represents S4 heart sound
MI or HTN
What signs and symptoms are Ménière’s disease associated with?
Tinnitus, deafness, sensation of fullness in the ear and vertigo
A pt has 3/5 R subscapularis strength. What activity would be most difficult for the pt to perform?
Flexion of the humerus overhead
Ankle DF weakness and diminished sensation over the anterior leg and dorsum of the foot is most likely a lesion of which nerve?
Common peroneal nerve lesion
Meconium ileus is an early manifestation of what?
Cystic fibrosis
Hyperactive reflexes are indicative of what thyroid condition?
Hyperthyroidism
S/p CVA. Pt is demonstrating perceptual deficits, dense hemiparesis, and is able to communicate verbally. Which location is the lesion most likely located in?
Right parietal lobe
A pt diagnosed with type 1 diabetes has a wound on their foot. Which scale is most appropriate to classify the wound
Wagner classification system
Are verbal commands or images more effective for patients with Alzheimer’s?
Images
Patient had a traumatic fall and is unable to elevate his scapula. What is the most likely PT diagnosis? (@ SC joint)
Superior dislocation of SC joint
What muscle is an antagonist to the muscle responsible for turning door knobs?
Triceps
What condition is most commonly related to “creeping and crawling” sensation down the legs, involuntary contractions of the calf muscles, and these symptoms are increased at night?
Restless leg syndrome
Which sign/symptom is least consistent with Ménière’s disease? Hearing loss, head tilt to one side, vertigo lasting 30 minutes, tinnitus
Head tilt to one side
PT notices a drop of the left hip during right mid-stance. Should the pt perform standing hip abduction of the right or left leg to treat the impairment?
Standing hip abduction of the left leg
A tracheal shift or mediastinal shift can occur due to asymmetrical intrathoracic pressure in the lungs. Will the mediastinum shift towards or away from the affected side?
Mediastinum shifts away from the affected side
A female complaining of LBP is in her first trimester and is struggling to perform exercises 2/2 poor coordination. What modality is the best for the pt?
Cryotherapy.
Deep heat, E-Stim, and traction are contraindicated
the pain is agnoizing, nauseating, exhausting, tiring, and unbearable. Which pain pattern is most consistent with these symptoms?
Emotional
Normal prothrombin time
11-15sec
Normal INR value
.9-1.1
Normal hematocrit level
37-52%
Normal platelet value count
150,000-400,000
After an AED delivers a shock, what is the next step?
Perform CPR starting with compressions
Atrophy of the intrinsic hand musculature, drooping of the eyelids, sunken eyeballs, lack of sweating, and pupil constriction. Complaints include sudden pleuritic pain and a hoarse voice. What condition is mostly related to these findings?
Pancoast tumor
At which neurological level can a patient with an ASIA a spinal cord injury attain independent community ambulation as their primary means of mobility?
L4-L5
A 15-month old with Down syndrome. Has neck pain, limited neck motion, and decreased strength of extremities as compared to last PT session. DTRs are 3+ of UE. What is the most likely cause?
Spinal cord impingement due to Atlanto-axial joint subluxation
31yo pregnant obese female, in 3rd trimester is diagnosed with damage to the pudendal nerve. Referred to PT for pelvic floor strengthening. What is the best initial exercise prescription for the involved muscles?
Left side-lying; 10 contractions held for 5 seconds each
Supine position should be avoided later in pregnancy.
Patient presents with symptoms of nausea vomiting, numbness and convulsions. Lab values of: HCO3=27.9, PaCO2=47.9, and pH=7.49. What is the best diagnosis for this patient?
Partially compensated metabolic alkalosis
What does bakody’s sign test for?
Cervical radiculopathy
A right pleural irritation results in sharp localized pain aggravated by respiratory movement. Would right or left side lying positions most likely to reduce the pain?
Right side lying
Can you do ultrasound over metal implants?
No
Therapist applies pressure at the end range of shoulder abduction and external rotation. The patient feels a sudden paralyzing pain and weakness in his shoulder. This finding is most likely indicative of:
Anterior instability
Trauma to the head of the pancreas causes referred pain to what location?
Right shoulder
Which functional task is most difficult for a pt with adhesive capsulitis? Reaching objects on a high shelf, brushing hair, reaching out a car window
Brushing hair
Pt presents with altered mental status, dysarthria, and motor weakness. Objective exam also showed hyperreflexia. What condition is most appropriate considering these findings?
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
What exercise should be the focus one week following PCL reconstruction?
Quadriceps strengthening in closed kinematic chain
Is lateral or medial tibial torsion a compensatory motion in response to excessive femoral retroversion?
Lateral tibial torsion
Which of the following is not a common side effect of chemotherapy? Skin rash, myopathies, thrombocytopenia, ulcers
Myopathies
A pt complains of having a weak back. He has aching pain and cannot lift heavy objects. He has this 2/2 faulty alignment. What is the most appropriate primary intervention? Abdominal strengthening or a back brace/corset
Use of a back support in the form of a brace or corset
All of the following are signs and symptoms of tethered cord syndrome in an adult, except: Increased flaccidity, scoliosis, severe back pain, urinary incontinence
Increased flaccidity
Would patients with C4 or C7 spinal cord injury benefit the most from glossopharyngeal breathing?
C4 spinal cord injury
Patient presents with complaints of pain on the anterior aspect of the elbow, and palmar side of the first 3 and a half fingers. What condition is most likely causing her symptoms?
Pronator teres syndrome
What ultrasound parameter do you use for the Achilles tendon? 1 or 3 MHz?
3 MHz
Which of the following rehab activities will cause the most strain to an ACL following allographic reconstruction? Isometric quadriceps contraction at 15 or 60 degrees?
15 degrees
Pt has left elbow pain. Often complete gardening tasks which require excessive wrist flexion and forearm pronation. What is the most likely cause of the pain?
Golfer’s elbow/medial epicondylitis
