exam 1 Flashcards
What is informational counseling?
information given to the patient about hearing loss, related restrictions and recommended steps for management
How much info do patients forget from appointments?
40-80% and remember 1/2 of that incorrectly
What are examples of information provided in an informational counseling session?
nature and degree of HL, listening device technology, relevant steps of plan, services/resources available
What is explicit organization?
clinician specifies the topics that will be covered and announces each one before talking
What is personal adjustment counseling?
focuses on the acceptance of hearing loss
What are the five stages of grief?
-Denial
-Anger
-Depression
-Bargaining
-Acceptance
What are the goals of personal adjustment counseling?
management of communication difficulties, decreased stress related issues, increased self motivation
Less ________, more ____________ in personal adjustment counseling
talking, listening
What is communication mismatch?
Giving someone info when they wanted an emotional response
What is the Cognitive Behavioral approach to counseling?
relies on intellectual means for addressing problems related to hearing loss, faulty thought processes are assumed to underlie emotional responses. Combo of intellectual and behavioral therapy
What is the fully behavioral approach to counseling?
helps identify and help change potentially self-destructive or unhealthy behaviors
What is the affective approach to counseling?
centers on feelings and fostering emotional adjustment to HL, creates an empathetic, accepting environment in which patient can evaluate self-concepts and their reactions to HL
What is motivational interviewing?
a style of interaction that facilitates client’s readiness to change and compliance with therapy participation
What is the Stages of Change model?
an integrative model of intentional behavior change
What are the 6 stages for the stages of change model?
precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination
What is the precontemplation stage?
they typically don’t see the solution because they can’t see the problem, resist change, denial and avoidance are common, feel situation is hopeless
What is the contemplation stage?
begin to acknowledge and understand problem, seek solutions, fear of failure holds them back, transition to next stage marked by focus on solution
What is the preparation stage?
they are ready to take action, start to make small leaps towards change
What is the action stage?
have changed their behavior, modified bad behavior/surroundings and changes are more visible
What is the maintenance stage?
have maintained their behavior change for a while, and intend to keep it that way
What is the termination stage?
they have no desire to return to their unhealthy behavior, this is rarely reached and people tend to stay in maintenance stage
What is the collaborative approach to motivational interviewing?
focusing on specific behavior change that is needed
What is the evocative approach to motivational interviewing?
“what’s right with you” focus to active resources for achieving personal goals
What is the honor patient autonomy approach to motivational interviewing?
requires detachment and recognition that people make choices about their lives
What does DARN stand for in terms of motivational interviewing?
Desire, Ability, Reasoning, Need
What is self-efficacy?
confidence in the ability to use a new behavior and remain engaged following failure
Why is a hearing impairment a public health concern?
the incidence is high, about 3 in 1000 newborn babies diagnosed with HL, that increases with age
and
the prevalence is high as well, 2 million under 18 years have hearing loss and it is 3rd leading chronic disability
What is the 3 Tier Model of Service Provision?
Levels of services provided to individuals
What is Tier 1 in the 3 tiered model?
Primary services: targeted at entire population, provide support and education before problems occur
What is Tier 2 in 3 tiered model?
targeted at those identified as being in need, prevents escalation
What is tier 3 in 3 tiered model?
provide intervention for those affected
What is ADA?
Americans w/ Disabilities Act
What does the ADA do?
provides civil rights and equality to those with disabilities
What are the 10 essential services?
Assessment: monitor health, diagnose and investigate, research determinants of health
Policy Development: educate, develop policy and laws
Assurance: enforce policies, train providers, evaluate
What is the role of SLPs and AuDs in Tier 1?
education, advocacy, policy development
What is the role of SLPs and AuDs in Tier 2?
hearing testing for those who fail screenings, hearing aid or cochlear implants, counseling
What is the role of SLPs and AuDs in Tier 3?
-speech, language, and literacy testing/therapy
What is the individual-collectivism cultural dimension?
relates to a societal characteristic; identifies the extent to which people are put into groups
What is the power-distance cultural dimension?
refers to the extent to which less powerful members of organizations accept and expect unequal power distribution
What is the masculinity-femininity cultural dimension?
refers to distribution of values between genders
What is the uncertainty avoidance cultural dimension?
level of comfort people have with unstructured situations
What is the indulgence vs restraint cultural dimension?
extent to which a society allows free gratification of basic and natural human desires related to enjoying life and having fun
What is cultural competency?
need to move away from belief that one’s way of life is superior to others
