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Adult Psychopathology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is Adult Psychopathology

A

The scientific study of psychological disorders

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2
Q

Qualities of EBP + definition

A

Research evidence → practitioner expertise → client’s characteristics
(Evidence-Based Practice)

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3
Q

Supernatural Tradition

A

Deviant = battle of good and evil (religious-based)
moon and stars, possession, exorcisms, lobotomies, salem witch trials etc.

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4
Q

Hippocrates

A

something in your body is making you feel a certain way: thought women had hysteria bc their uterus were wandering

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5
Q

Galen

A

chemical imbalance in the brain/fluids in the brain. Galen’s 4 humors

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6
Q

John Grey

A

birth of US meds and psychology. everything is bc of the body

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7
Q

The 4 Humors

A

Black bile = depressed
Phlegm = calm
Blood = optimistic
Yellow bile = irritable

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8
Q

Early Treatments: 1930’s

A
  • Insulin shock therapy (based on being “hangry”)
  • Brain surgery (frontal lobotomies)
  • Electric shock therapy (aka ECT, induces a seizure to reset brain wiring)
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9
Q

Early Treatments: 1950s

A
  • Neuroleptics (antipsychotic)
  • Tranquilizers (anxiety)
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10
Q

Consequences of Bio Tradition

A
  • Failed treatments made people believe that some mental illnesses cannot be cured
  • Improved diagnosis and classification
  • Increased role of science in psychopathology (thank god)
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11
Q

Moral Therapy

A

emotional ad psychological

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12
Q

Dorthea Dix

A

Created the Mental Hygiene Movement (don’t lock them up pretty much)

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13
Q

Freud

A
  • Intrapsychic conflicts
  • Superego (conscience/moral principals), Ego (logical and rational), and Id (illogical, emotional and irrational)
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14
Q

Humanism

A
  • Think that people are inherently good and strive for self-actualization
  • If you’re having trouble in life then your path is blocked
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15
Q

Culture Competence

A

Important to understand that different people have different backgrounds and to adapt to that

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16
Q

Multidimensional Models

A

Interdisciplinary and integrative

17
Q

Polygenetic

A

When we go looking for the genes that cause mental disorders, there are multiple different genes not just one

18
Q

Epigenetics

A

When we see a change in your behavior or look, that relates to a change in the expression of your genes

19
Q

Diathesis

A

inherited tendency to express traits/behaviors

20
Q

Idiographic Diagnosing

A

Very focused on the individual: getting to know you, and not really the diagnosis

21
Q

Nomothetic Diagnosing

A

What does this generally look like, big picture and standardized textbook

22
Q

DSMI-I and DSM-II

A
  • Low precision
  • Based on unproven theories
  • Poor reliability
  • Very freud forward
23
Q

DSM-III and DSM-III-R

A
  • Increased criterion specificity and detail
  • Multiaxial system
  • Low reliability
  • Homosexual was a sexual deviation
24
Q

DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR

A
  • Comprehensive
  • Clear inclusion
  • Broad characterization
  • Empirically grounded
25
Q

DSM-5

A

Most notable change is the removal of the multiaxial system
WHAT WE USE NOW

26
Q

Standardization Assessment

A
  • Consistent use of techniques (everyone takes the same test the same way)
  • Provides normative population data (percentile score)
27
Q

Testing: Reliability

A

Measurement of consistency and agreement
Types include:
- Test-retest: consistent over time
- Inter-rater: two different people make the same diagnosis on the same person using the same criteria

28
Q

Testing: Validity

A

Does the test measure what it’s supposed to?
Types Include:
- Concurrent: at the same time validity.
- Predictive: how likely it is to predict actions in the future.

29
Q

CAT/CT Scan

A
  • X-rays of brain
  • Pictures in slices (moves up and down body/brain)
30
Q

PET Scan and Functional MRI

A
  • Observing brain oxygen, blood, or glucose
  • Reveal metabolic patterns/deficiencies
31
Q

Advantages and Limitations of Neuroimaging

A
  • Yield detailed information
  • Expense
  • Lack adequate norms
  • Limited clinical utility

Adult Psychopathology (1 decks)

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