Exam 1 Flashcards
Definition of Phonetics
Study of speech sounds
Definition of Phonology
Study of speech patterns
Definition of Morphology
Study of word structure
Definition of Stop
Air flow is blocked, pressure builds up and air is released
Definition of Fricative
Air flow is restricted
Definition of Affricate
Rapid stop-fricative sequence
Definition of Phoneme
The representation of a speech sound in the human mind (ex: /p/)
Definition of Phone
Speech sound (ex: [p^h])
Definition of Allophone
Phonetic variant of a phoneme. Usually occurs in a very precise environment. (ex: [p aspirated] and [p] are allophones of the phoneme /p/)
Definition of Minimal pair
Two utterances that differ by one phonetic difference
Definition of Morpheme
Smallest unit of meaning
Definition of Free morpheme
Can stand independently as a word
Definition of Bound
Bound = bound root. Unable to stand by itself
Definition of Root
Base morpheme, it is not an affix
Definition of Affix
Morpheme that is not a root
Definition of Prefix
Affix that attaches to the beginning of a root
Definition of Suffix
Affix that attaches to the end of the root
Definition of Infix
Affix that attaches itself within a root
Definition of Circumfix
Affix that attaches to both sides of the root
Definition of Allomorph
A phonetic variation of the same morpheme (ex: how you pronounce the “ed” in fished)
Definition of Suppletion
Total inversion of the root (go –> went)
Definition of Derivation
Reference modification of a root (hunt –> hunter)
Definition of Inflexion
Grammatical modification of a root (cat –> cats)
