Exam 1 Flashcards

Study for Exam 1

1
Q

What are the 3 P’s (potential explanatory variables for pessimism)

A

policy, players, processes

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2
Q

the issues on the agenda

A

policy

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3
Q

the people we elect and those that surround him

A

players

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4
Q

how we make decisions and end up with the government we have, and how the rules and norms get in the way and frustrate

A

processes

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5
Q

Verba, Schlozman, and Brady’s 3 reasons why people don’t participate

A

they can’t, they don’t want to, nobody asked

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6
Q

lacking resources (time and money) or note effective at using such resources (inefficient)

A

they can’t

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7
Q

little interest in politics (overall or now) or think they can’t make a difference (no efficacy)

A

they don’t want to

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8
Q

isolated from networks of recruitment or people around them in everyday life aren’t political

A

nobody asked

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9
Q

Gosnell’s 1924 “Non-Voting Causes and Methods of Control”

A

physical difficulties, legal and administrative obstacles, disbelief in voting, inertia

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10
Q

illness is what cause of non-voting

A

physical difficulties

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11
Q

insufficient legal residence is what cause of non-voting

A

legal and administrative obstacles

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12
Q

general indifference or ignorance is what cause of non-voting

A

inertia

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13
Q

Verba, Schlozman, and Brady’s four reasons people participate

A

material benefits, collective outcomes, social gratification, civic gratification

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14
Q

want to solve personal problems

A

material benefits

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15
Q

want to influence policy for all in society

A

collective outcomes

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16
Q

exciting, enjoyment

A

social gratification

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17
Q

sense of duty, doing one’s share

A

civic gratification

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18
Q

Possible outcomes of participation

A

awareness, engagement, a voice for the underrepresented, opinion change, policy change

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19
Q

3 ways constitutions can change

A

revolution, amendments, interpretation

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20
Q

Amending constitutions is difficult because it risks the

A

legitimacy of the Constitution

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21
Q

Whose interpretation of what amendments mean is key

A

supreme court

22
Q

4 common approaches to interpretation

A

strict constructionism, textualism, originalism, living constitution

23
Q

apply the text as written, don’t interpret further is what approach to interpretation

A

strict constructionism

24
Q

ordinary meaning of the words in the document is what approach to interpretation

A

textualism

25
what was the original meaning is what approach to interpretation
originalism
26
take contemporary society into account is what approach to interpretation
living constitution
27
What are the cons of federalism?
laws not uniform from one place to the next, complicated to get levels to work together, confusion for citizens over where to turn to solve problems
28
What are the pros of federalism?
experimentation, respect subcultures, opportunities for citizens
29
speaking or acting on behalf of someone or something
representation
30
who made the classic model of representation
Warren Miller, Donald Stokes
31
how often does a representative vote the way the majority wants
congruence
32
what interests shape decision-making
constituency, personal, presidential, party, group
33
what are the 4 styles of representing
delegate, partisan, trustee, politico
34
do what the district wants
delegate
35
do what the party wants
partisan
36
do what I think is best
trustee
37
choose one of the other 3 based on the issue
politico
38
Heinz Eulau and Paul Karps' other forms of representation
service, allocation, symbolic
39
respond to specific needs, wants, and problems in your area
service
40
bring home the cash to your area
allocation
41
getting things on the agenda, listening to all voices, building relationships
symbolic
42
restrictions on speech and protest
time, place, manner
43
what might be achieved by protests (7)
passing legislation, changing public opinion, mobilization, agenda setting, electing candidates, emergence of new leaders, a more informed public
44
What phrase was coined by political scientist Eitan Hersh?
political hobbyism
45
Define political hobbyism
feeling the need to offer a hot take for each daily political flare-up
46
How does political hobbyism make politics worse?
it takes time from actually doing things that might build power
47
Define collective representation
some elected officials stand for groups broader, more dispersed than a geographical location
48
Define descriptive representation
linkages between underrepresented groups and elected officials who have demographics
49
Marcus, Sullivan, Theiss-Morse, and Wood's argument
tolerance is shaped by multiple assessments of the situation
50
What protest characteristics lead to a more informed public? (Gillion's Infomation Continuum)
large crowds at a single moment, persistence over time, strong organizational support, police presence
51
Most informative protests also have
arrests and violence
52
Conclusion of Gillion's Information Continuum
contentiousness matters