Exam 1

Question 1

Define Public Health

Answer 1

The practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences.

Question 2

How does the “intervention model” work?

Answer 2

By defining scope of PHN practice by interventions and level of practice (individual/family, community, system) rather than by the “site” of service i.e a school.

Question 3

Who is Lillian Ward and what did she do?

Answer 3

Coined the term Public health nurse for nurses who work outside of hospitals in poor or middle class communities
She started teaching hygiene classes

Question 4

Who is Clara Barton?

Answer 4

Founder of the American Red Cross

Question 5

Who is Ada Mayo Stewert

Answer 5

First Occupational Health Nurse

Question 6

Who is Florence Nightingale and what did she do?

Answer 6

A nurse is in war times, promotes that the environment effects the patient and hygiene is a necessity. Would make sure patients had clean sheets, bandages and fresh air.

Question 7

What are some public health departments?

Answer 7

Immunization clinics
Well-child care education
Maternal services
TB clinicals
STD clinicals
Family planning

Question 8

Define population

Answer 8

Groips of people who share 1 or more characteristics

Question 9

What are determinists

Answer 9

The range of personal, social, economic, and environmental factors that influence health status

Question 10

What is primary level of disease prevention?

Answer 10

Prevention- education, policies (like seat belt laws), vaccines

Question 11

What is secondary level of disease prevention?

Answer 11

Early identification and treatment- screeenings, treatment early with out complications

Question 12

What is tertiary level prevention of disease prevention?

Answer 12

Late treatment if illness designed to limit complications and allow rehabilitions. - cardiac rehab, teaching asthmatics about triggers

Question 13

Who is John Snow and what did he do?

Answer 13

John snow is the father of epidemiology. He was able to prove people were contracting cholera from the Broad St Pump.

Question 14

What is Epidemiology

Answer 14

Science of Public Health
The study of the distribution and determinants of health related states or events in specific populations and the application of this study to the control of health problems

Question 15

What are the components of the epidemiologic triangle?

Answer 15

Environment(climate, population, issues, scioeco factors) - Agent(infectious, chemical, physical) - Host (genetic susceptibility, age/sex/culture, immunologic status, lifestyle)

Question 16

What is the framework for the web of causation?

Answer 16

Complexity of how illness, disease, and injury are determine by multiple causes affected by interactions of biological and socio-behavioral determinants of health.

Question 17

What study model expands epidemiological studies both upward to broader contexts and downward to the genetic and molecular level?

Answer 17

Ecological Model

Question 18

What are the methods of Epidemiology

Answer 18

Descriptive- non experimental. Describes distribution of disease, health outcomes, events in population
Analytic- how and why- search’s of determinants of observed patterns
Randomized Clinical trials- efficacy of treatment for disease. GOLD STANDARD
Community trails- determining exposure or intervention for health promotion/disease prevention- experimental in design