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Language Development > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

Vocabulary

1
Q

Schema

A

cognitive structure that helps process, identify, organize, and store information

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2
Q

Assimilation

A

Cognitive process where new stimulus is fitted into an existing schema

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3
Q

Accommodation

A

new schema doesn’t fit into old schemas

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4
Q

Equilibrium

A

cognitive process to maintain balance between new and old schemas

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5
Q

Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development

A

A way to organize new information

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6
Q

Infant’s communication

A

Cry
Gaze
Social Smile
Vocal behavior

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7
Q

Dietic

A

gain/ maintain interaction
First to emerge in preverbal gesture skills

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8
Q

How many gestures at 16 months

A

16 gestures
2 gestures per month after 8 months

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9
Q

Preverbal skills

A

gestures
imitation
vocalizations
following simple directions
appropriate play
joint/ task attention
turn taking
responds/ initiates interactions

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10
Q

What are we looking for with infant facial expressions?

A

requests for objects and actions

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11
Q

Structuralism

A

Mechanisms underlying observable data

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12
Q

Functionalism

A

predictive/ situational variables/ relationships between environments

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13
Q

nativism/ empiricism

A

emphasis on the child/ environment in the process of language acquisition

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14
Q

Theories of Language Development - Behavioral

A

focus on observable/ measurable aspects without denying existence of internal mechanisms.

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15
Q

Theories of Language Development - Linguistic

A

Language has structure/ grammar/ order
favors competence over performance

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16
Q

Chomsky Linguistic Theory

A

Believed we were born with a language center

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17
Q

Piaget’s Cognitive approach Theory

A

emphasized internal structures as the ultimate determinant of behavior; structures emerge as interactions occur

18
Q

Theory of Language Development - Social Interactionist

A

Nonlinguistic aspects of interaction influence the mastery of language

19
Q

Nativist Theories

A

Language structure
Rules exist across languages

20
Q

constructional theories

A

Language use
Language universals do NOT exist; meet social needs
Behaviors influence child directed speech

21
Q

Roger Brown 1973 Language definition

A

true language is marked by productivity, has semanticity, and offers the possibility of displacement

22
Q

Broca’s area

A

language production
Ex. comprehension but difficulty pronouncing/ producing words, uses small words

23
Q

Wernicke’s area

A

Language comprehension
Ex. jargon-like words w/ fluent speech

24
Q

Arcuate Fasciculus

A

Band of subcortical fibers connecting Wernicke and Broca areas

25
Q

Conduction Aphasia

A

damage to the arcuate fasciculus causing an inability to repeat word production

26
Q

Language areas of the brian

A

regions of the temporal lobe
corpus callosum
inferior parietal lobe
cerebellum

27
Q

Types of communication

A

oral
written
digital
visual
nonverbal
gestures

28
Q

Most communication is through…

A

body language

29
Q

Language

A

socially shared code where ideas about the world are expressed through a conventional system of arbitrary signals and rules governed combinations of the symbols for communicaiton

30
Q

speech

A

verbal output, sounds, communicating/ conveying meaning

31
Q

referent

A

concept as you see/ experience it
Ex. Ocean

32
Q

Concept

A

includes past experiences; common elements
Ex. cool breeze, sound of waves, beach, sailboat, umbrellas, etc.

33
Q

What is the biggest way to show/ increase word knowledge

A

Vocabulary

34
Q

True/ false
Receptive language is a weakness in comparison to expressive language

A

False
Receptive language is a STRENGTH in comparison to expressive language

35
Q

Phonology

A

study of speech sound
- 44 sounds

36
Q

Morphology

A

Study of how to use meaningful units of language
Ex. She jumped, possession, description, ‘ing’, ‘ed’

37
Q

Syntax

A

Sentence structure, grammar, conjunction, order
Ex. in the box

38
Q

Semantics

A

Vocabulary
Ex. Antonyms, synonyms, idioms, word usage

39
Q

Pragmatics

A

Rules of conversation
Ex. Relevant responses, turn taking

40
Q

What type of Language doe autistic people have difficulties with?

A

pragmatics

41
Q

What are the 3 components of language?

A

Content
Form
Use

Language Development (1 decks)

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