exam 1 Flashcards
what will a kinetically-controlled reaction create
a product formation that requires the smallest activation energy
what is a diene
a compound that possesses 2 C=C bonds
what is a cumulated diene
adjacent pi bonds
what is a conjugated diene
a pi bond separated by one sigma bond
what is an isolated pi bond
pi bonds separated by 2+ sigma bonds
what are the two mechanistic steps in a he addition of HX across an alkene
proton transfer
nuc attack
what serves as the nucleophile in the halogenation rxn
the pi bond
plus Cl2; AlCl3
plus HNO3;H2SO4
plus CH3(CH2)2OCl; AlCl3
plus CH3CH2Cl; AlCl3
plus H2SO4; SO3
plus Br2; FeBr3
what is used to get here
Cl2
AlCl3
what is used to get here
HNO3
H2SO4
what is used to get here
what is used to get here
CH3CH2Cl
AlCl3
what is used to get here
H2SO4
SO3
what is used to get here
Br2
FeBr3
methyl is an (ortho/para) or (meta) group
o/p
electron withdrawing is o/p or m?
M
electron donating is o/p or m?
o/p
activating groups are ______________ directors
ortho-para
most deactivators are __________ directing
meta
halogens are _______ deactivators
weak
what reagents are used to convert a nitro group (NO2) to an amino group (NH2)
Fe or Zn and HCl
what reagents are used for converting an acyl group (COR) or an alkyl group (CH2R)
Zn(Hg) HCl, and heat
what reagents can be used to oxidize a benzylic position
KMnO4; H2O, Heat
