Exam 1

Question 1

what are the three main functions of a stem?

Answer 1

transport water and nutrients from the roots to the leams (xylem and phloem); support leaves; food storage

Question 2

what are some examples of modified stems?

Answer 2

protective (thorns); structural (tendrals); rhizomes (bamboo); bulbs (onions)

Question 3

Primary Growth

Question 4

Secondary Growth

Question 5

Horticulture

Question 6

Horticultural plants vs agronomical plants

Answer 6

horticultural:
agronomical:

Question 7

health benefits of gardening

Answer 7

hobby; stress-relief; helps you focus

Question 8

Olericulture

Answer 8

planting, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of vegetables and culinary herbs

Question 9

Pomology

Answer 9

planting, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of fruit and tree nut crops

Question 10

Viticulture

Answer 10

science, production, and study of grapes (mostly wine)

Question 11

Arboriculture

Answer 11

cultivation, management, and study of trees, shrubs, vines, and other perennial woody plants

Question 12

Floriculture

Answer 12

cultivation of flowering and ornamental plants for gardens (annual and perennial bedding plants), houseplants, and the floral industry)

Question 13

Nursery Production

Answer 13

production and marketing of ornamental trees and shrubs, fruit trees, and perineal flowers

Question 14

Landscape/ Environmental

Answer 14

creating aesthetically pleasing functioning and environmentally sound outdoor spaces

Question 15

Taxonomy

Answer 15

science of identifying, naming, and classifying organisms (plants)

Question 16

Spermatophytes

Answer 16

division; seed-bearing plants; have true roots, stems, and leaves; has a vascular system

Question 17

angiosperm

Answer 17

subdivision of spermatophytes;

Question 18

gymnosperm

Answer 18

subdivision of spermatophytes; naked seed often narrow leaves; conifers and ginko

Question 19

monocots

Question 20

dicots

Question 21

sypetalae

Question 22

chloripatalae

Question 23

annual plant

Answer 23

has one growth season; summer annuals- killed by frost; winter annuals- killed by heat; ex: tomatoes

Question 24

biannual plant

Answer 24

has two growth seasons and flowers in the second season; ex: carrots

Question 25

perennial plant

Answer 25

lives two or more growing seasons; tender perennial- plants that under the right conditions can live two or more growing seasons; ex: peonies, grass

Question 26

tree vs shrub

Answer 26

a shrub has many stubs and lack of a defined trunk while a tree has one big, defined trunk

Question 27

why is it important to save plant genetics?

Answer 27

allows for bigger food; protects species in case there is some genetic disease in a certain crop

Question 28

what parts of a scientific paper should you read?

Question 29

what is the hierarchical organization of plants

Answer 29

whole plants–>organs–>tissue–>cells–>organelles–>macromolecules

Question 30

what are the vegetative organs?

Answer 30

stems, roots, and leaves

Question 31

what is the reproductive organ?

Answer 31

flowers

Question 32

stoma

Answer 32

opens to allow for gas exchange and closes to prevent waterloss

Question 33

guard cells

Question 34

shade grown leaves

Answer 34

thinner, larger, more pliable leaves

Question 35

sun grown leaves

Answer 35

much thicker palisade layer for protection from the sun; smaller

Question 36

functions of a leaf

Question 37

what are the organs of a plant?

Answer 37

stems, roots, flowers, and leaves

Question 38

what are the annual rings in a tree made of?

Answer 38

xylem

Question 39

where are the vascular bundles in primary growth?

Question 40

why are root hairs important and where do they arise from?

Question 41

what is a tap root vs. a fibrous root?