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Mobile Apps > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Mobile Market Share

A

Worldwide:
Android ~ 70%
iOS ~ 29%

USA:
Android ~38%
iOS ~ 61%

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2
Q

Low-Band spectrum

A

under 3 GHz
Usage of 99.7%
provides most range

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3
Q

High-Band spectrum

A

above 24 GHz
yards not miles
larger capacity + ultra fast speeds

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4
Q

Mid-Band spectrum

A

3-24 GHz
blend of low + high characteristics

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5
Q

GSM

A

Global System for Mobile Communications

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6
Q

CDMA

A

Code Division Multiple Access

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7
Q

FCC (Spectrums)

A

Spectrum is finite
FCC oversees spectrum allocation
raises money for U.S treasury, auctions with bids for frequencies

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8
Q

NFC (Near Field Communication)

A

Range of few cms
Sends encrypted data

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9
Q

UWB (Ultra Wide Band)

A

“pulse radio”
Short range, high bandwidth / data rates
30-600 feet, 700+ Mbps

centimeter level accuracy

Time of Flight // Angle of Arrival

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10
Q

Camera

A

Used to detect motion
Facial recognition
Augmented Reality

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11
Q

Microphone

A

Sound detection

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12
Q

Fingerprint Sensor

A

Biometric authentication

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13
Q

Heart Rate Sensor

A

LED emits light towards the skin,
sensor looks for the light waves
reflected by it. Heartbeat measured by counting the changes in light intensity between the minute pulsations of the blood vessels.

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14
Q

Motion Sensors

A

Measure acceleration forces and rotational forces along three axes

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15
Q

Environmental Sensors

A

Measure various environmental parameters of the surrounding area of the device

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16
Q

Position Sensors

A

Measure physical position of a device.

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17
Q

Accelerometer

A

Axis-based motion sensing. Senses the changes in
the orientation of smartphones with respect
to x, y, and z-axis

Gives orientation as to the way a device is held
Measures movement(acceleration)

Uses:
○ Switches apps from portrait to landscape
○ Can tell if phone is facing up or down
○ Shows your speed in a driving app
○ Motion & shake detection
○ Track Steps for Fitness apps

18
Q

Gyroscope

A

measures angular rotation across 3 axes

Detects how much the phone is titled or rotated
Provides directional orientation details -> Up/down and left/right

Usages:
○ Pokemon go
○ Google Sky Map
 precision for 360 photo spheres images
 Tilt steering in racing games

19
Q

Ambient Light Sensor

A

detects the light around your environment

can adjust screen brightness

20
Q

Barometer Sensor

A

measures air pressure

○ detects weather changes
○ Detects distance from sea level or your altitude
○ Increases accuracy in fitness apps, like step tracking

21
Q

Ambient Temperature Sensor

A

measures air temperatures of immediate
surrounding

  • Not in all phones
22
Q

Ambient Humidity Sensor

A

Measure humidity of an environment
Monitors dewpoint

  • Not in all phones
23
Q

Geiger Counter

A

Measures radiation level in area

  • rare
24
Q

Proximity Sensor

A

usually located near the top speaker

combines an infrared LED & light detector to know how close the phone is to an object

  • Know when your phone is closer to your face to turn off
    the screen
  • The sensor emits a light beam (invisible to the
    human eye), which bounces back to the device
25
Q

Magnetometer

A

measures changes in Earth’s magnetic fields

 thus detects which way is North

○ in Maps, uses this to work out which way up the map
should be

○ works with standalone compass apps
○ Detects metals…metal detector apps

  • Primary purpose is working with accelerometer and
    GPS unit to figure out where you are in the world &
    where you’re pointing
26
Q

GPS Sensor

A

A GPS chip in our phones ping multiple satellites in space to figure out a device’s location

○ based upon angles of intersection
 Doesn’t use the phone’s data

 Interference from indoors or heavy cloud cover can
cause locations to not be locked in
 Does drain the battery

 Distance to cell towers can also be used to approximate
where the device is (Assisted GPS)

 Used for navigation, geo-fencing, gaming, augmented
reality & more

27
Q

Geofencing

A

Location-based service to trigger a pre-programmed action when a device enters or exists a virtual boundary set up around a geographical location (geofence)

 Virtual boundary can simply be a radius (10 miles or 30 feet) from
a specific location

 Used to monitor and automate business process

28
Q

Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO)

A

Orbit: 22,300 miles from Earth

Num of Satellites: 8

Orbit in fixed position above Earth’s equator

29
Q

Middle Earth Orbit (MEO)

A

Orbit: 6,000 + miles from Earth

Num of Satellites: Usually 10 - 12. varies

Satellites move with respect to a point on Earth

30
Q

Low Earth Orbit (LEO)

A

Orbit: 400 - 700 miles from Earth

Num of Satellites: Many (40 - 80 some cases for global coverage

Satellites rapidly move with respect to a point on Earth. Also must be tracked by recievers

31
Q

Native Apps

A

Application specifically written and installed on a
platform/Operating System

Native App cannot be installed on other platforms. iOS != Android

32
Q

Cross-Platform Development Frameworks

A

Building a single codebase that can support and run on multiple platforms

For Example:
code used to develop an app for a specific OS, like Android, becomes reusable for iOS

Framework Options: React Native, Flutter, Xamarin, Ionic

Cons: Slower than Native Apps

33
Q

Mobile Web Apps

A

Mobile Web Apps are website applications designed & optimized to specifically render better in the browser on mobile devices

  • Made to fit the smaller screen size
  • Provide easier to use navigational elements
  • No home screen icon
  • Can save a link to the site, to ”bookmark” and
    create an icon to launch the app in a mobile
    browser
34
Q

Responsive Design Approach

A

The web page is loads and is stretched & contracted based upon:

  • the size of the screen
  • as the user increases/decreases the size of their browser
  • Same display code for both desktop & mobile views
  • One experience for all platforms
  • One code base for team to maintain\
  • Leverages technologies like:
    HTML
    CSS
    JavaScript
35
Q

Hybrid Apps

A

Combination of a native app and web app

  • Developed as a web app in a native container
  • A native app that uses a ‘web view’ control to receive
    HTML/CSS/JS of a mobile web app
  • Essentially, a responsive design web app that is wrapped
    and packaged like a Native app
  • Is distributed through App Repositories to be downloaded & have a home screen icon
  • Device sensors and components can be used to access native device APIs for device components
  • Framework: Apache Cordova
36
Q

Native App Pros

A

 Best user experience (smoother, faster, richer UX)

 Can utilize all device sensors, components
 Direct access to native APIs for quick data
processing & faster app load times

 Robust offline capabilities
 Can do push notifications
 Can place app into the App Repository
 Visual footprint on device screen

37
Q

Native App Cons

A

 Can’t port from one platform to the next
 No Code Reusability
 Double the time/cost to support multiple platforms
 Maintaining team with multiple skillsets

 Fragmentation: have to support of many different
versions of one platform
 Difficult to learn & build
 App Repository drawbacks

 Revenue Sharing through Commissions
 Never truly under your control; subject to approvals
○ App Repository removal if not updating regularly
 Will always need the vendor to distribute the app

38
Q

Mobile Web App Pros

A

 Easy to create/maintain app
 install once, accessed by all platforms
 Tools readily available
 Can get current location of device
 Can provide offline features
 Can be viewed on any mobile web browser

39
Q

Mobile Web App Cons

A

 Have to refresh webpage to get updated location
 Device sensors/components unavailable
 Like desktops, have to support multiple browsers
 Offer limited user experience compared to native apps
 Desktop content reformatted for mobile view
 Page loads slower due to network latency
 Can’t do push notifications

40
Q

Hybrid App Pros

A

 Visual shortcut on device screen
 Can do push notifications
 Don’t need a web browser like mobile web apps
 Have access to device capabilities & APIs
 Single codebases

41
Q

Hybrid App Cons

A

 Much slower than Native apps, but could be slightly
faster than Mobile Web apps

 Have to face cons associated with both Native and
Mobile Web apps

 Still not optimal rich user experience like Native

42
Q

App Repository Comissions

A

 App Repos take 30% of Digital Goods (15% if app
store sales are less than $1 million/year), including:
- App purchases
- In-App Purchases:
- gems, coins, books, music, video
- Subscriptions (Netflix, Spotify)
- Subscription falls to 15% after 1 year
- In- App Advertisements

 They don’t take 30% of ‘real world goods’
- Physical goods or services
- Shipped products like from Amazon (shirts, hats, etc.)
- Uber/Lyft rides
- Tickets to events or movies

Mobile Apps (1 decks)

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