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Animal Physiology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

high to low movement of monomers; uses transport protein; no energy required

A

facilitated diffusion

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2
Q

equal amounts of solute molecules

A

isotonic

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3
Q

water- loving

A

hydrophilic

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4
Q

a difference in amount of molecules between two areas

A

concentration gradient

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5
Q

structure that identifies the cell

A

carbohydrate chain

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6
Q

having less solute molecules than cytoplasm of a cell

A

hypotonic

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7
Q

allows certain molecules to pass through; keeps some molecules out

A

selectively permeable

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8
Q

the amount of molecules in a specified area

A

concentration

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9
Q

use of vesicles to move polymers out of the cell

A

exocytosis

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10
Q

substance that is dissolved

A

solute

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11
Q

outward pressure on cells

A

turgor pressure

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12
Q

movement of molecules from low to high; uses transport protein; requires energy

A

active transport

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13
Q

high to low movement of water; through phospholipid bilayer; no energy required

A

osmosis

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14
Q

mixture of a substance that is dissolved in another

A

solution

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15
Q

movement of molecules from high to low; no energy required

A

diffusion

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16
Q

use of vesicles to move polymers into the cell

A

endocytosis

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17
Q

having more solute molecules than cytoplasm of a cell

A

hypertonic

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18
Q

structure that consists of 2 layers of lipids

A

phospholipid bilayer

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19
Q

fluid that dissolves a solid, liquid, or gas

A

solvent

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20
Q

water-fearing

A

hydrophobic

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21
Q

high to low movement of small, fat soluble, uncharged polar molecules; through phospholipid bilayer; no energy required

A

passive transport

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22
Q

substance that adds stability and flexibility to the cell membrane

A

cholesterol

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23
Q

structure that helps move molecules across the cell membrane

A

transport protein

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24
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: glucose

A

transport protein

25
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: O2

A

phospholipid bilayer

26
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: protein secretion

A

vesicle

27
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: CO2

A

phospholipid bilayer

28
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: Na+

A

transport protein

29
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: amino acids

A

Transport protein

30
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: Cl-

A

Transport protein

31
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: Insulin

A

vesicle

32
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: H2O

A

transport protein

33
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: macromolecules

A

vesicle

34
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: anesthetic gas

A

phospholipid bilayer

35
Q

Identify which structure this molecule would have to travel through: Ca 2+

A

Transport protein

36
Q

occurs from pure water towards a water/salt solution

A

osmosis

37
Q

these are mainly the enzymes of the cell

A

functional proteins

38
Q

provide the cytoskeleton of the cell or structure for where things go

A

structural proteins

39
Q

after water this is the most abundant substance of most cells

A

proteins

40
Q

transport substances in the opposite direction of a “driver” ion

A

antiporter

41
Q

the amount of pressure required to counter osmosis

A

osmotic pressure

42
Q

substances that are soluble in fat solvents

A

lipids

43
Q

molecules are “pumped” against an electrochemical gradient at the expense of energy

A

primary active transport

44
Q

transport is driven by the energy stored in the electrochemical gradient of another molecule

A

secondary active transport

45
Q

rate of diffusion is limited by Vmax of carrier protein

A

facilitated diffusion

46
Q

the lipid bilayer is a barrier to water and water-soluble substances

A

lipid bilayer

47
Q

the theoretical intracellular electrical potential that would be equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the concentration force

A

Nernst potential

48
Q

water channels in the membrane

A

aquaporins

49
Q

Define physiology

A
50
Q

Identify the functional unit of the body

A
51
Q

Define homeostasis

A
52
Q
A

Extra cellular fluid

53
Q
A

intracellular fluid

54
Q
A

negative feedback system

55
Q
A

positive feedback system

56
Q

Why is ECF considered to be homogenous throughout the body?

A
57
Q

the Organ systems that contribute to maintain homeostasis are:

A
58
Q

Define gain

A
59
Q

Explain adaptive control

A

Animal Physiology (1 decks)

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