Exam 1 Flashcards
What is the branch of mechanics that describes the motion of a body?
kinematics
What is the branch of mechanics that describes the effect of forces on the body?
kinetics
Flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction of the shoulder are examples of what motion?
osteokinematic
Abduction and adduction of the shoulder and hip occur in which plane?
Frontal
The movement that occurs between articulating surfaces of joints is known as what motion?
arthrokinematic
When the convex part of the joint moves on a concave surface, the roll and slide mechanics occur in which direction?
opposite
The perpendicular distance between a joint’s axis of rotation and the force acting on a limb is known as a ?
moment/lever arm
When an internal torque is greater than the opposing external torque, a — contraction occurs
concentric
The angle of a joint can significantly influence muscular strength (true/false)
true
When a healthy ligament is strained within the — zone, it will return its original length once the force has been removed from the tissue
elastic
If an individual presents with a 140 degree angle of inclination, it would be described as considered —
coxa valga
If a patient has excessive anteversion of the proximal femur, how will they compensate when walking to optimize joint alignment?
toe in
A patient who presents with a larger than normal — angle has an increased chance of femoroacetabular impingement (FAI)
center-edge
A posterior pelvic tilt is associated with which osteokinematic motion of the hip?
Extension
— and — complete the force couple that creates an anterior pelvic tilt
erector spinae; iliopsoas
A patient who has a decreased — slide will present with limited hip abduction.
inferior
When an individual is in right single leg stance, eccentric action of the right — controls hip adduction in the frontal plane
gluteus medius
The lumbar spine acts as a “decoupler” that allows for — lumbopelvic rhythm
contradirectional
Since there is no primary muscle that internally rotates the hip, the secondary function of several different hip muscles combine to complete the motion of internal rotation (true/false)
true
The primary restraint against hip flexion when the knee is extended is the —
hamstrings
A lateral knee angle that exceeds 180 degrees is known as —
genu varum
The — is responsible for absorbing and dispersing stress throughout the tibiofemoral joint and increasing concavity for optimal roll and slide mechanics
meniscus
The tibiofemoral possesses — degrees of freedom
2
The knee has a fixed axis of rotation that makes it simple for fitting braces or external orthoses (true/false)
false
Axial rotation is named for the position of the — relative to the —
anterior femur; tibial tuberosity
Arthrokinematics for femoral on tibial knee extension involve a(n) — roll and — slide
anterior; posterior
The anterior cruciate ligament becomes fully taut when the knee is
extended to 0
Approximately 70% of ACL tears are due to contact injury (true/false)
false
The patella is in a position of greatest congruence within the trochlear groove when the knee is flexed to
60-90
The patella increases the — of the knee extensor mechanism
internal moment arm
