exam 1 Flashcards
what is the expected phenotype ratio of a traditional Dihybrid Cross of two heterozygotes?
9:3:3:1
If a genotype is TT, this tells you it is:
homozygous dominant
which part of an amino acid is more significant to the structure and function of proteins?
R group
This pedigree chart demonstrates which of the following forms of inheritance?
x-linked recessive
multi-protein complexes that use energy from ATP hydrolysis to physically disrupt nucleosomes are:
chromatin remodelers
If Xist is methylated, then:
The X chromosome is active
During the ‘elongation’ stage of translation, after the arrival of each new tRNA:
the growing peptide chain is ‘passed’ from the tRNA in the P-site to the tRNA in the A-site
If lactose is present:
The Lac operon is activated
which of the following is responsible for presenting the re-ligation of strands during DNA replication?
SSB
Initiation of bacterial translation is accomplished as the _______ of the mRNA is recognized and bound by the ribosome.
Shine-Delgarno sequence
The O gene of the Lac operon:
Binds the repressor protein
Which of the following is a phenotype:
Tall
If glucose is present:
The Lac operon is repressed
What is the expected phenotype ratio of a Monohybrid Cross (such as Tt x Tt)?
3:1
If you cross a red flower plant and a white flower plant and observe pink flowers in the offspring then this is an example of:
Incomplete (partial) Inheritance
Blood type is an example of
Multiple Allele Inheritance
If someone is bald, you cannot tell if you have a mutation in their hair color gene (in other words, a mutation in gene early in a pathway masks mutations in later genes). This is an example of:
Epistasis
If the sense DNA is 5’ GACT 3’ then what is the 5’ to 3’ RNA that is synthesized?
5’ GACT 3’
The Sigma Subunit of RNA Polymerase:
Sees and binds the promoter
A hairpin structure signals he termination of:
transcription
The I gene of the Lac operon:
binds the repressor protein
Pol I in Eukaryotes codes for:
rRNA
TFIIH:
Phosphorylates the tail of RNA polymerase
when does a cell need to replicate DNA?
before mitosis
If a base substitution leads to a Stop Codon, we call it a:
Nonsense mutation
Why is coupled Transcription-Translation not possible in Eukaryotes?
Because Eukaryotes have a nucleus
If a regulator is a DNA sequence, such as an enhancer or a promoter, we call it:
Cis-Acting
Which of the following Regulates Enhancers?
Insulators
HATs (Histone Acetyltransferases):
Loosen DNA and activate gene expression
If tryptophan is present:
the trp is repressed
What is the Central Dogma of Biology?
DNA–>RNA–>Protein
Why are Pol I, RNase H, and Ligase needed in DNA replication?
Pol I:RNA
RNase H: removes RNA primers
Ligase:seals things up
What is a “promoter”?
DNA set to bind RNA polymerase
