exam 1

Question 1

what is the expected phenotype ratio of a traditional Dihybrid Cross of two heterozygotes?

Answer 1

9:3:3:1

Question 2

If a genotype is TT, this tells you it is:

Answer 2

homozygous dominant

Question 3

which part of an amino acid is more significant to the structure and function of proteins?

Answer 3

R group

Question 4

This pedigree chart demonstrates which of the following forms of inheritance?

Answer 4

x-linked recessive

Question 5

multi-protein complexes that use energy from ATP hydrolysis to physically disrupt nucleosomes are:

Answer 5

chromatin remodelers

Question 6

If Xist is methylated, then:

Answer 6

The X chromosome is active

Question 7

During the ‘elongation’ stage of translation, after the arrival of each new tRNA:

Answer 7

the growing peptide chain is ‘passed’ from the tRNA in the P-site to the tRNA in the A-site

Question 8

If lactose is present:

Answer 8

The Lac operon is activated

Question 9

which of the following is responsible for presenting the re-ligation of strands during DNA replication?

Answer 9

SSB

Question 10

Initiation of bacterial translation is accomplished as the _______ of the mRNA is recognized and bound by the ribosome.

Answer 10

Shine-Delgarno sequence

Question 11

The O gene of the Lac operon:

Answer 11

Binds the repressor protein

Question 12

Which of the following is a phenotype:

Answer 12

Tall

Question 13

If glucose is present:

Answer 13

The Lac operon is repressed

Question 14

What is the expected phenotype ratio of a Monohybrid Cross (such as Tt x Tt)?

Answer 14

3:1

Question 15

If you cross a red flower plant and a white flower plant and observe pink flowers in the offspring then this is an example of:

Answer 15

Incomplete (partial) Inheritance

Question 16

Blood type is an example of

Answer 16

Multiple Allele Inheritance

Question 17

If someone is bald, you cannot tell if you have a mutation in their hair color gene (in other words, a mutation in gene early in a pathway masks mutations in later genes). This is an example of:

Answer 17

Epistasis

Question 18

If the sense DNA is 5’ GACT 3’ then what is the 5’ to 3’ RNA that is synthesized?

Answer 18

5’ GACT 3’

Question 19

The Sigma Subunit of RNA Polymerase:

Answer 19

Sees and binds the promoter

Question 20

A hairpin structure signals he termination of:

Answer 20

transcription

Question 21

The I gene of the Lac operon:

Answer 21

binds the repressor protein

Question 22

Pol I in Eukaryotes codes for:

Answer 22

rRNA

Question 23

TFIIH:

Answer 23

Phosphorylates the tail of RNA polymerase

Question 24

when does a cell need to replicate DNA?

Answer 24

before mitosis

Question 25

If a base substitution leads to a Stop Codon, we call it a:

Answer 25

Nonsense mutation

Question 26

Why is coupled Transcription-Translation not possible in Eukaryotes?

Answer 26

Because Eukaryotes have a nucleus

Question 27

If a regulator is a DNA sequence, such as an enhancer or a promoter, we call it:

Answer 27

Cis-Acting

Question 28

Which of the following Regulates Enhancers?

Answer 28

Insulators

Question 29

HATs (Histone Acetyltransferases):

Answer 29

Loosen DNA and activate gene expression

Question 30

If tryptophan is present:

Answer 30

the trp is repressed

Question 31

What is the Central Dogma of Biology?

Answer 31

DNA–>RNA–>Protein

Question 32

Why are Pol I, RNase H, and Ligase needed in DNA replication?

Answer 32

Pol I:RNA
RNase H: removes RNA primers
Ligase:seals things up

Question 33

What is a “promoter”?

Answer 33

DNA set to bind RNA polymerase