EXAM 1

Question 1

magnification

Answer 1

results when a beam of light refracts as it passes through a lense

Question 2

total magnification

Answer 2

ocular x objective

Question 3

light microscope

Answer 3

uses light as its source of illumination

Question 4

electron microscope

Answer 4

uses a beam of electrons instead of light

Question 5

working distance

Answer 5

the distance between the objective lens and the specimen

Question 6

resolution

Answer 6

the closest space between two points at which the points can still be seen as separate entities

Question 7

The maximum resolution in a compound light microscope is

Answer 7

.2 micrometers

Question 8

_____ wavelengths are capable of resolving details to a greater degree than ____ wavelengths

Answer 8

Shorter, longer

Question 9

_____ light has the shortest useable wavelength and offers the greatest resolution

Answer 9

Blue

Question 10

Numerical aperture

Answer 10

measure of its ability to gather light

Question 11

What does immersion oil do?

Answer 11

Forms a continuous lens system and reduces light diffraction and keeps light from scattering

Question 12

____ are the most widely distributed organisms in the biosphere

Answer 12

Bacteria

Question 13

colony

Answer 13

A visible mass of cells usually resulting from the division of a single cell

Question 14

Saprophytes

Answer 14

organisms that obtain their nutritional needs from degrading organic materials in the environment

Question 15

Molds

Answer 15

Fungi that form colonies composed of microscopic, rounded, intertwining filaments called hyphae

Question 16

Hyphae cover the surface of a substrate to form a branching, filamentous called a

Answer 16

mycelium

Question 17

Yeast

Answer 17

fungi that do not form hyphae

Question 18

How do yeasts reproduce

Answer 18

Budding

Question 19

What does Trichophyton cause

Answer 19

Athletes foot and ringworm

Question 20

Sporothrix

Answer 20

causes sporotrichosis

Question 21

Madurella

Answer 21

infects feet to cause edema and swelling in mycetoma

Question 22

Blastomyces

Answer 22

North American blastomyces

Question 23

Progressive infections by _____ can involve liver, spleen, lymph nodes

Answer 23

Histoplasma

Question 24

What is thrush caused by

Answer 24

Candida albicans

Question 25

What bacteria causes vaginal yeast infections?

Answer 25

Candida

Question 26

Cancer causing aflatoxins are produced by fungi growing in ____-

Answer 26

infected peanuts and grains

Question 27

What organism infects grain to produce ergot alkaloids that can cause hallucinations and death?

Answer 27

Claviceps

Question 28

What produces roquefort and blue cheese

Answer 28

The growth of Penicillum

Question 29

The mushroom ___ is poisionus

Answer 29

Amanita

Question 30

______ are close symbiotic associations between fungi and plant roots

Answer 30

Mycorrhizae

Question 31

Symbiotic relationship with algae and cyanobacteria

Answer 31

lichens

Question 32

Lichens indicate what

Answer 32

Pollution such as acid rain

Question 33

Asexual spores

Answer 33

produced by mitotic division and differentiation of specialized hyphae that extend above the colony

Question 34

Sporangiospores

Answer 34

form within a thick walled sac called sporangium

Question 35

Conidia

Answer 35

non motile asexual spores that form on specialized hyphae called condiospores

Question 36

Phialospores

Answer 36

spores produced on a vase or flask like cell called phialide

Question 37

Where are philaspores found

Answer 37

Penicillium & Gilocladium

Question 38

Blastoconidia

Answer 38

occur by budding in yeast cells

Question 39

____ _and _____ produce blastoconidia

Answer 39

Cladosporium and Candida

Question 40

Arthrospores

Answer 40

Occur in geotrichum and galactomyces

Question 41

Chlamydospores

Answer 41

asexual and thicked walled spores that are round and irregular

Question 42

Chytridiomycetes

Answer 42

aquatic; produce zoospores