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Animal Science 1100 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the global perspective of animal science?

A

How humans treat animals overall. Overall animal welfare and proper handling techniques of food animals in our food production capacity.

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2
Q

What is the economic impact of the animal science industry?

A

It impacts us in the way we produce and process animals for large consumption. It is a booming industry that has grown profit margins more efficiently than in the past.

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3
Q

Cattle (Bovine) Intact Male

A

Bull

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4
Q

Cattle (Bovine) Castrated Male

A

Steer

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5
Q

Cattle (Bovine) Mature Female

A

Cow

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6
Q

Cattle (Bovine) Newborn

A

Calf

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7
Q

Cattle (Bovine) Development Stage

A

Heifer/Bull

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8
Q

Cattle (Bovine) Parturition

A

Calving

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9
Q

Cattle (Bovine) Group of Animals

A

Herd

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10
Q

Horses (Equine) Intact Male

A

Stallion

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11
Q

Horses (Equine) Castrated Male

A

Gelding

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12
Q

Horses (Equine) Mature Female

A

Mare

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13
Q

Horses (Equine) Newborn

A

Foal

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14
Q

Horses (Equine) Development Stage

A

Filly/Colt

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15
Q

Horses (Equine) Pasturition

A

Foaling

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16
Q

Horses (Equine) Group of Animals

A

Herd

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17
Q

Pigs (Swine) Intact Male

A

Boar

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18
Q

Pigs (Swine) Castrated Male

A

Barrow

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19
Q

Pigs (Swine) Mature Female

A

Sow

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20
Q

Pigs (Swine) Newborn

A

Piglet

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21
Q

Pigs (Swine) Development Stage

A

Gilt/Boar

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22
Q

Pig (Swine) Parturition

A

Farrowing

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23
Q

Pig (Swine) Group of Animals

A

Drove

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24
Q

Sheep (Ovine) Intact Male

A

Ram

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25
Q

Sheep (Ovine) Castrated Male

A

Wether

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26
Q

Sheep (Ovine) Mature Female

A

Ewes

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27
Q

Sheep (Ovine) Newborn

A

Lamb

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28
Q

Sheep (Ovine) Development Stage

A

Ram Lamb/Ewe Lamb

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29
Q

Sheep (Ovine) Parturtion

A

Lambing

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30
Q

Sheep (Ovine) Group of Animals

A

Flock

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31
Q

Goats (Caprine) Intact Male

A

Buck (Billy)

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32
Q

Goats (Caprine) Castrated Male

A

Wether

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33
Q

Goats (Caprine) Mature Female

A

Doe (Nanny)

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34
Q

Goats (Caprine) Newborn

A

Kid

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35
Q

Goats (Caprine) Developmental Stage

A

Buckling/Doeling

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36
Q

Goats (Caprine) Parturition

A

Kidding

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37
Q

Goats (Caprine) Group of Animals

38
Q

Chickens (Poultry) Intact Male

39
Q

Chickens (Poultry) Castrated Male

40
Q

Chickens (Poultry) Mature Female

41
Q

Chickens (Poultry) Newborn

42
Q

Chickens (Poultry) Developmental Stage

A

Broiler/Pullet

43
Q

Chickens (Poultry) Parturition

44
Q

Chickens (Poultry) Groups of Animals

45
Q

Anatomy

A

Bodily structure of an organism

46
Q

Physiology

A

The way in which a living organism or bodily part functions.

47
Q

Levels of Organization

A

Cell -> Tissue->Organs->Physiological Systems->Animal

48
Q

Skeletal System

A

Bones, Joints, Cartilage. Functions: Structural Support, Movement

49
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Heart, Viens, Arteries. Functions: Regulation of temperature, transportation of nutrients.

50
Q

Respiratory System

A

Nasal Cavity, Trachea, Lungs. Functions: Oxygenation of blood, Regulation of PH

51
Q

Digestive System

A

Esophagus, Stomach, Small/Large Intestines, Rectum. Functions: Indigestion, Mastication, Absorption, Digestion, Elimination.

52
Q

Urinary System

A

Kidney, Bladder. Functions: Removal of waste from blood, Hormonal function, water balace.

53
Q

Reproductive System

A

Gonads. Functions: Hormonal Control, Propagation of Species.

54
Q

Integumentary System

A

Skin, Hair, Nails, Nerves. Functions: Barrier to outside world, Receptor for touch, pain, pressure, regulate temperature.

55
Q

Muscular System

A

Skeletal Muscle, Smooth Muscle, Cardiac Muscle. Functions: Movement, Posture, Heat Production.

56
Q

Endocrine System

A

Hypothalamus, pineal glands, Thyroid, Ovaries, Uterus, Testes, Pancreas. Functions: Release of hormones for target tissue response.

57
Q

Nervous System

A

Brain, Spinal Cord, Ganglia. Functions: Sends signals to cells within body, Control of the body.

58
Q

Sensory System

A

Stimulus, Receptors. Functions: Vision, Auditory, Somatic, Vestibular.

59
Q

Growth

A

Increase in size or mass of an organism over time.

60
Q

Development

A

Changes in the organisms structure, function, and abilities.

61
Q

3 Phases of Prenatal Development

A

Germinal Stage - first two weeks after conception. Embryonic Stage - Organs and Systems Form. Fetal Stage - maturation of tissues and organs and rapid growth of body.

62
Q

Three Germ Layers

A

Endoderm - Digestive System, Ectoderm - Nervous System and Epidermis, Mesoderm - Muscle Cells and Connective Tissue.

63
Q

Hyperplasia

A

Increase in cell numbers

64
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase in cell size

65
Q

Stages of Development

A

Prenatal->Suckling->Growing->Young->Adult->Aged

66
Q

Growth Curves

A

Depicts maturity levels. Age vs. Body Weight. Growth dependent on frame size.

67
Q

How can you use teeth to determine age?

A

Milk teeth vs Permanent, Incisor Development, Degree of Wear.

68
Q

What are the 6 essential nutrients?

A

Water, Carbohydrates, Fats, Proteins, Minerals, Vitamins.

69
Q

Water

A

Oxygen-Hydrogen. Metabolic Reactions, Body Temp Regulation, Physical Shape of Body.

70
Q

Carbohydrate

A

Carbon-Hydrogen-Oxygen. Source of energy, heat. Stored in Animals.

71
Q

Fats (Lipids)

A

Carbon-Hydrogen-Oxygen. Dietary Energy Supply, Source of heat and insulation, Carrier for absorption.

72
Q

Proteins

A

Hydrogen, Oxygen, Carbon, Nitrogen. Body Metabolism, Structural Unity of Body.

73
Q

Essential Amino Acid

74
Q

Non Essential Amino Acid

75
Q

Minerals

A

Skeletal formation, function of protein synthesis, Oxygen Transporation, Fluid Balance.

76
Q

Macro

A

Required in large amounts

77
Q

Micro

A

Required in small amounts

78
Q

Fat Soulable Vitamins

A

A, D, E, K

79
Q

Water Soulable Vitamins

A

C, B, Folic Acid, Niacin

80
Q

Feed Energy - Dry Roughages, Forages

A

Haw, Straw, Fodder, Feeds with 18% Fiber

81
Q

Feed Energy - Energy Feeds

A

Cereal Grains, Nuts, Fruits,

82
Q

Monogastric Digestive System

A

Consists of a single stomach chamber.

83
Q

Ruminant Digestive System

A

Multi Chambered stomach and regurgitation of food.

84
Q

Avian Digestive System

A

Specialized and efficient process that allows birds to extract maximum nutrition from food.

85
Q

GIT Process

A

Prehension->Mastication (Salivary Glands)->Deglutition->Regurgitation->Digestion->Absorption->Excretion

86
Q

Esophagus

A

Transportation

87
Q

Reticulum

A

Regurgitation,

88
Q

Rumen

A

Fermentation, Mechanical Breakdown, VFAs

89
Q

Omasum

A

Reduce particle size, absorption.

90
Q

Abomasum

A

Chemical, and enzymatic breakdown.

91
Q

Small Intestines

A

Enzymatic digestion, nutrient absorption.

Animal Science 1100 (1 decks)

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