Exam 1 Flashcards

Question

The Indian Removal Act (1830)

Answer 1

-Signed by president Andrew Jackson -Allowed him to sign into law the ability to negotiate with the Natives for their removal to land west of the Mississippi in exchange for their homelands -Supreme court declared Indians could occupy lands but not claim title to them -Removal was supposed to be voluntary -Strongly supported in the South where the 5 civilized tribes resided -Jackson hoped it would solve the conflict

Answer 2

-Began with Indian Removal Act which was eventually declared invalid by the Supreme Court who considered the Cherokee a sovereign nation. -Cherokee were divided and Treaty was eventually passed by the Senate for their removal -7,000 soldiers herded the Cherokee off their land into makeshift forts after which they were forced to march 1,000 miles -Soldiers had little regard for the people and human losses were extremely high especially for the first group -Had to march during the brutal winter -4,000 Cherokee died and the route they traversed became known as the Trail of Tears -Occurred from Georgia to Oklahoma

Answer 3

-Rose arose wherever a mother's tear fell to give them strength to go forward. -Rose is white, for the tears of the mothers -Gold center: gold taken from Cherokee lands -Seven leaves on each stem represent both the seven Cherokee clans that made the journey and the Seven directions -Only prospers along the Trail of Tears

Answer 4

-Spring of 1876 -President Grant allowed Custer to fight despite bad reputation -Supposed to be 1,000 Indians in the area but instead there were closer to 3,000 with many well-experienced warriors -Custer's instructions were to find the Indians and then wait for reinforcements but he instead pushed ahead. -Incomplete Indian victory -Used as an example of the savagery of the Indians who massacred Custer's army -Rallying point for the U.S. against the Indians -Only site in the U.S. where a military hero who lost a battle is commemorated -Custer, South Dakota is considered one of the most racist towns in America

Answer 5

-Purpose was to civilize Indians -Forced labor and assimilation -Detrimental to mental health for many Native students -Negatively impacted the spread of the Native culture -Meant to kill the Indian to save the man

Answer 6

-White people told Natives they had to have a word for religion -The word they came up with translates to life because the spirit exists in everything

Answer 7

-learned his language -Became familiar with the traditional practices of the Apache tribe

Answer 8

-Needed someone to bring word back to the U.S. military that his might had won over the miners

Answer 9

Geranimo surrendered to him and credited him their peaceful surrender

Answer 10

spirit (visions) and the ancestors

Answer 11

-Largest attempt at land claiming so far -Allocated 160 plots of land to each Indian (excess was given to the white population) -Direct attempt to force them into white civilization -Must be put on the census list or they could be punished -Census required them to list themselves under a white name -rampant with corruption and abuse -Repealed in 1934

Answer 12

-Paiute Indian -Received a special vision at 12 -Holy voice spoke to him saying that the Earth was tired and that the Great Spirit would renew it but only for the Indians -All of the Indians who had died would come back to life and all of them would be young again and would enjoy the renewed Earth for forever -The two requirements were that they must follow the words of Wovoka and had to prepare for the new world by preforming the sacred Ghost Dance

Answer 13

-Everyone is a warrior by fulfilling their warrior role -Can be anything from washing dishes to fighting in battle -Warrior= doing what the community needs

Answer 14

Whoever wore the Ghost Dance shirt with a renewed spirit would be invincible and could not be hurt in any way but the whites

Answer 15

-Wovoka sent advertisement fliers to the government in the mail -Initially believed that the craze would stop and identified the Ghost Dance as not being a problem -The movement persisted and the government began to see it as a threat -Government ordered that the Ghost Dance be stopped at all costs

Answer 16

-Violations of Treaties -Disease -Cutting down of rations -Military occupation of reservations -Destruction of sacred lands

Answer 17

-Created a code the Japanese never broke -Understanding of the language requires extensive training and exposure -Could work for long stretches without a single error -29 recruits assisted in the war effort -Went unrecognized until 1992

Answer 18

-13 moons and 28 days on all turtle shells -This equals 364 days plus a day of rest -Native peoples all understood the wisdom of the turtle and followed a 13 month calendar

Answer 19

-Natives had difficulty having their state sovereignty recognized in court -Many treaties were violated by the federal government and the people were powerless to stop it due to being outnumbered by the white people -Owning land meant they had to pay taxes and when they could not do so, they were often evicted

Answer 20

-All boarding schools were run by Catholic or Protestant believers -This was the most widespread method of conversion

Answer 21

Fort Laramie Treaty?