Exam 1

Question 1

Composite pose

Answer 1

A pose that combines two or more viewpoints in a single representation

Question 2

Monolith/megalithic

Answer 2

One large stone

Question 3

Menhir

Answer 3

Single monolith

Question 4

Dolmen

Answer 4

covered by cairns, artificial hills, post and lintel (simplest)

Question 5

Cromlech/Henge

Answer 5

Henge, a circular arrangement of monoliths

Question 6

Heel Stone

Answer 6

Casts a shadow from the sun, indication on when the summer solstice is

Question 7

City-state

Answer 7

A city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.

Question 8

Theocratic socialism

Answer 8

Also known as religious socialism or religious communism, uses religion to justify socialistic values

Question 9

Cuneiform

Answer 9

Press wooden stylus into wet clay to create pictographs, recording of grain

Question 10

Ziggurat

Answer 10

Stepped platform, artificial mountain

Question 11

Cella

Answer 11

Holiest area in a temple, priest would communicate with the deity

Question 12

Bent-axis approach

Answer 12

A stairway leads to the top but does not end in front of any of the temple doorways (Sumer)

Question 13

Inanna/Ishtar

Answer 13

mother/fertility

Question 14

Votive figure

Answer 14

Offerings to the gods, statues + worship

Question 15

Frieze

Answer 15

A strip or band of relief sculpture or painting

Question 16

Epic of Gilgamesh

Answer 16

About the hero, Gilgamesh, his companion, Enkidu, and Gilgamesh’s quest to find fame and immortality

Question 17

Hierarchy of scale

Answer 17

distortedly large, size = power

Question 18

Heraldic composition

Answer 18

One form in the middle and two identical forms on the side

Question 19

Stele (Stela)

Answer 19

An upright stone slab or column typically bearing a commemorative inscription or relief design, often serving as a gravestone.

Question 20

Law Code of Hammurabi

Answer 20

First law code, relief and cuneiform

Question 21

Lamassu

Answer 21

A celestial being from ancient Mesopotamian religion bearing a human head, symbolizing intelligence, a bull’s body, symbolizing strength; and wings of an eagle to symbolize freedom

Question 22

Processional Way

Answer 22

A ceremonial procession

Question 23

Apadana

Answer 23

The audience hall

Question 24

Hypostyle hall

Answer 24

Interior space is filled with parallel columns

Question 25

ka

Answer 25

A person’s soul

Question 26

Imhotep

Answer 26

Creator of the stepped pyramid

Question 27

Carved from the “living rock”/rock-cut

Answer 27

Temple cut from a mountain (into a cave), tomb is NOT inside

Question 28

Mortuary temple

Answer 28

Where the Pharaoh is worshiped after they die

Question 29

Pylon temple

Answer 29

Where the Pharaoh worships Gods when alive

Question 30

Hatsheptsut

Answer 30

Female Pharaoh, famous rock-cut temple

Question 31

Akhenaten

Answer 31

Priests had too much power so he changes Egypts religion to only worship one god, son of Aten and the only profit

Question 32

Amarna style

Answer 32

Sense of intimacy/connection, distortion of selves, elongation, a lot of curvature, motion/fluidity

Question 33

Sunken relief

Answer 33

Engraving (figures are below the surface of the artwork)

Question 34

Book of the Dead

Answer 34

Ancient Egyptian collection of mortuary texts made up of spells or magic formulas, placed in tombs and believed to protect and aid the deceased in the hereafter