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Fashion Merchandise > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Haute Coutre

A

the design and construction of high-quality clothes by leading fashion houses

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2
Q

a certain number of formal ______ must be met to use the label

A

criteria (ex. christain dior, chanel, balmain, baleneciaga, gucci and givency)

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3
Q

couture is used to describe ________ made clothings

A

all custom

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4
Q

couture designers and luxury brands and their design houses occupy a _____ _______ _______ in the fashion process

A

highly influential position

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5
Q

who is often the first to identify and capture a trend, concept, or theme?

A

Haute couture and Prêt-à-porter

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6
Q

many pieces that are created _____________ and then eventually made into wearable pieces

A

works of arts

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7
Q

(ready to wear) clothing lines were the first radical alternative to couture pieces when they hit boutiques in the _____

A

Prêt-à-porter & 1960’s

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8
Q

factory-made and is sold in standarized sizes.

A

Prêt-à-porter

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9
Q

Credited as being the first french hatute couturier out with a fill Prêt-à-porter line

A

Yves Saint Laurent (YSL)

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10
Q

economic conditions, political events, health issues, cultural happenings and more dictate fashion

A

social and cultural conditions

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11
Q

______ will people wear?

A

what

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12
Q

_____ is it going to be produced?

A

how

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12
Q

_______ will people buy it?

A

how

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12
Q

_____ much are they willing to be able to pay for it?

A

how

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13
Q

_______ gather inspiration from what is happening in the world around them to influence their design

A

fashion designers

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14
Q

_______ takes advantage of technology and scientific breakthroughs (ex. nylon and polyester as fabrics)

A

fashion

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15
Q

_______ _____ includes appearl, accessories, hairstyles, and cosmetics

A

fashion trends

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16
Q

for every trend that has happened, there is often a __________

A

reinterpretation

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17
Q

before the _____, most clothing was homemade or made by a professional designer

A

1870’s

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18
Q

what was worn by women to display femininity and propriety?

A

corsets, hoop skirts, layers of garments

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19
Q

eventually slimmed down to ______ ______

A

bustle silhoutte

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20
Q

when did mass production of basic garments begin?

A

mid 1800’s

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21
Q

catalogs in the mid 1800’s:

A

sears Roebuck & co, Montgomery Ward

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22
Q

In the 1800’s department stores were in _______ centers

A

urban

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23
Q

Charles Fredrick Worth:

A

House of Worth (1857)

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24
Q

Father of couture

A

Charles Fredrick Worth

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25
Q

Jacques Doucet

A

house of Doucet (mid 1800’s)

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26
Q

Jacques Doucet designs what?

A

lingerie and mens clothing accessories

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27
Q

Cultural hubs that the U.S.tried to imitate

A

Paris and London

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28
Q

threatened and divided America and created social division in race and class

A

Civil War

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29
Q

________ improved modes of transportation meant more leisure time

A

industrialization

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30
Q

1900’s fashion trend

A

Bella Epoque or Edwardian Age

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31
Q
  • small waist,
  • skirts worn to hip
  • shorter sleeves and fuller legs
  • voluminous hair
  • wide hats
A

Pouter pigeon figure

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32
Q

bloomers were for?

A

women

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33
Q

knickers were for?

A

men, for riding bicycles

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34
Q

Kardashisns of the 1900’s

A

Gibson Girls

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35
Q

clean cut and sporty version of masculinity

A

arrow collar man

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36
Q

in what year did appearl manufacturers use lighter materials and construction?

A

1910

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37
Q

In 1910 there was a shortage of ____ due to the war

A

dyes

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38
Q

the style in the 1910’s was influenced by

A

Ballets Russes troupe in Paris

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39
Q

Harem trousers, Turbans, hobbler skirts, and lampshade dress were trends in ?

A

1910

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40
Q

the trench coat was introduced when???

A

in Mens fashion during WWI

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41
Q

in 1910 in mens fashion pocket watches turned into?

A

wristwatches

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42
Q

Converses were introduced in??

A

1910

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43
Q

Father of MODERN fashion

A

Paul Poiret

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44
Q

what year does this apply to?
*dances required loose clothing
* shorter hemlines (knee length)
* longer necklines and t-strap shoes
* bobbed hair

A

womenswear in the 1920’s

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45
Q

in what year do these apply?
* suits are the norm
* sportwear–> tennis wear

A

menswear in the 1920’s

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46
Q

what designer used casual fabrics and chic sportswear?

A

Coco Chanel

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47
Q

what designer used innovative textiles, knitwear designer, and early developer of ‘wrap dress’

A

Ella Schiaparelli

48
Q

what designer uses Handkercheifs/ assymmetrical hems, geometric shapes and cowl/halter necklines

A

Madeline Vionnet

49
Q

what year do these apply?
* hemlines are longer
* waistline emphasized
* long dresses
* invention of latex fabric
* nylon stockings
* casual style adopted for leisure

A

1930’s

50
Q

what two designers continue to be dominant worldwide?

A

Chanel and Schiaparelli

51
Q

when was there L-85 restrictions of rubber, silk, nylon, and wool?

A

1940’s

52
Q

when was fashion shorter, sharper and with military influence?

A

1940’s

53
Q

which two designers make signifigant contribution to feminine formal style of the 1950’s

A

Dior and Balmain

54
Q

who introduced the mini skirt

A

Mary Quant

55
Q

First black model on American Vogue (1974)

A

Beverly Johnson

56
Q

Vivienne Westwood

A

london designer known for punk fashion

57
Q

Halston

A

cashmere and ultrasuede

58
Q

Diane Von Furstenberg

A

one piece wrap dress of 1973

59
Q

Anna Klein

A

high quality sportswear

60
Q

the 1980’s was the era of the ____

A

YUPPIE (young urban professional)

61
Q

what mood reflected the 80’s?

A

somber

62
Q

Tom Ford was the creative director for who?

A

Gucci

63
Q

Micheal Kohrs worked for who?

A

Céline

64
Q

Marc Jacobs worked for who?

A

louis vuitton

65
Q

(P. Diddy) First celebrity to launch a fashion line— Sean John

A

Sean Combs

66
Q

lower end fashion brands (H&M, Target,Kohls) partner with celebrities to have from well known designers

A

Karl Lagerfield

67
Q

_______ _______ manufacturing the materials and finished products used in the production of apparel and accessories

A

fashion industries are engaged in

68
Q
  • identify consumer needs
  • develop good products
  • price, distribute, and promote those products effectively
A

marketing in fashion

69
Q

in fashion the goal of marketing is _____?

A

know and understand the customer so well that the product or service sells itself

70
Q
  • planning required to have the right fashion-oriented merchandise at RIGHT time, place, quanitities, prices and sales promotion for a specfic target audience
A

fashion merchanidse

71
Q

*designers and retailers dictate what the fashion will be and force consumers
* fashion is for women only

A

misconceptions of fashion

72
Q

characteristics or distinctive of a garment; combination of features that make it unique and different

A

Style

73
Q

styles accepted and used by the majority at one time, no matter how small that group is

A

fashion

74
Q

a NEW style accepted by a LIMITED number of fashion leaders

A

High Fashion

75
Q

(Volume Fashion); styles widely accepted, produced in large quantities at moderate-low prices

A

Mass Fashion

76
Q

a particular or individual interpretation, version, or treatment of a specific style

A

Design

77
Q

Prevailing opinion of what is and whats not attractive and appropriate

A

Taste

78
Q

style or design that remains in general fashion accepted for an extended period of time

A

classic (ex. chanel suit)

79
Q

products that enter the marketplace quickly, are purchased with zeal, and then sells decline quickly

A

fad

80
Q

general movement in fashion changes that can be seen or tracked

A

trend

81
Q

when skirts are up business will ______?

A

follow

82
Q

what are the 4 components of design?

A

silhouette, details, texture and color

83
Q

the color RED is used for ?

A

good luck in asian culture

84
Q

the color GREEN is used for ?

A

spring and renewal

85
Q

what are the five stages of the fashion cycle?

A
  1. introduction
  2. rise
  3. culmination
  4. decline
  5. obsolecnce
86
Q

what happens in the innovation stages?

A

intro fashion, “rise” , “lead” fashion, “better” department

87
Q

what happens in the culmination stages?

A

acceleration, “moderate” prices, mass acceptance

88
Q

what happens in the decline stages?

A

prices are greatly reduced, obsolescene

89
Q

what does obsolescene mean?

A

no one is buying! “You can’t give it away”

90
Q

what are the four levels of the fashion industry?

A

primary, secondary, retail, and auxiliary level

91
Q

which level of the fashion industry functions with all other levels simultaneously?

A

auxiliary

92
Q

forms of business ownership?

A

sole proprietorship
partnership
corporation

93
Q

what is horizontal growth?

A

when a company expands its capabilities on the level on which it operates currently

94
Q

what is vertical growth?

A

when a company expands its capabilities on different levels on which it operates currently (ex. Zara)

95
Q

what is mergers and acquisitions?

A

sale of one company to another

96
Q

what is diversification in business?

A

adding various lines, products or services to serve different markets (ex. gap purchases banana republic and creates old navy giving gap 3 overlapping price ranges)

97
Q

what is a franchise?

A

purchased operations that conform franchisers directives and benefit from the franchise name, buying power and merchandising expertise

98
Q

one-third of all retail sales come from ______ efforts ?

A

franchising

99
Q

donward-flow theory

A

-trickle down, upper class sends fashion “down” to the lower class

100
Q

horizontal-flow theory

A

(trickle across) fashion moves between groups in the same social strata as downward-flow

101
Q

upward-flow

A

(trickle up) from the poor and young come the fashions of the times

102
Q

high fashion market

A

top of the chain, producing innovative high fashion apparel that is very expensive

103
Q

bridge market (contemporary market)

A

between very expensive designer and high-quality but less expensive merchandise

104
Q

better market

A

below bridge with corresponding lower prices and less panache

105
Q

moderate priced market

A

firms produces originals but usually turns out adaptions of styles that have survived the introduction stage and are in the rise stage of their fashion cycle

106
Q

types of retailers

A

fashion leaders
traditional
mass
disccounter

107
Q

example of fashion leader in retail?

A

neiman-marcus, nordstroms, saks etc.

108
Q

examples of traditional retailers?

A

macys and dillards

109
Q

example of a mass retailer?

A

J.c. penny, kohls

110
Q

example of discounter retailer?

A

wal-mart, t.j. maxx

111
Q

which luxury brand was the first brand to use the see now buy now model?

A

Burberry

112
Q

what is the see now buy now model?

A

reinterprets both the essence and the approach to physical distribution

113
Q

Donna Karen adopted what model?

A

See now Buy now

114
Q

what is a maverick?

A

low market responsivness and concern for what peer groups think

115
Q

leaders designer in fashion?

A

designers who become recognizable names during the course of their career

116
Q

what is an interpreter designer?

A

hybrid of designer buyers and product developers

117
Q

what is a reproducer designer?

A

low market responsivness & high concern for what peer groups think

118
Q
A
119
Q
A

Fashion Merchandise (1 decks)

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