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Field Botany > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Monocot

A

floral organs in multiples of 3, fibrous roots, leaf veins usually parallel

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2
Q

Eudicot

A

floral organis in multiples of 4 or 5, taproot, pollen grain with 3 openings, leaf veins netlike

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3
Q

Alternation of generations

A

goes through both haploid and diploid generations, diploid sporophyte generation is dominant

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4
Q

Megaphylls

A

true leaves

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5
Q

Microphylls

A

leaf-like structure

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6
Q

Sporangia

A

structure that holds the spores

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7
Q

Eusporangiate

A

sporangia develops from a cluster of cells

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8
Q

Leptosporangiate

A

sporangia develops from a single initiator cell

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9
Q

Heterosporous

A

spores that develop into male and female gametophytes

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10
Q

Homosporous

A

spore that comes from anatomically identical sporangia

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11
Q

1st Whorl

A

Sepals

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12
Q

Sepals

A

aka calyx, green leaf-life and have similar appearance to petals

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13
Q

2nd whorl

A

petals

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14
Q

Petals

A

corolla

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15
Q

3rd whorl

A

stamens

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16
Q

Stamens

A

made of the filament and anther

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17
Q

Filament

A

slender stalk of the stamen

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18
Q

Anther

A

at the end of the filament and produces pollen, in a stamen

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19
Q

Androecium

A

house of man, what the stamens are called

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20
Q

4th whorl

A

carpel

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21
Q

Carpel

A

female reproductive part in a flower

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22
Q

Simple pistil

A

if a single carpel is present

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23
Q

Compound pistil

A

if multiple carpels are present

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24
Q

Pistil

A

divided into the stigma, style, ovary

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25
Q

Gynoecium

A

house of woman

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26
Q

Complete flower

A

it has all the parts

27
Q

Incomplete flower

A

lacking in one or more of the parts

28
Q

Imperfect flower

A

if it lacks stamens or carpels

29
Q

Perfect flower

A

has both stamens and carpels

30
Q

Pistillate

A

only carpels (female)

31
Q

Staminate

A

only stamens (male)

32
Q

Inflorescence

A

the arrangement of flowers on a main axis, clustered group of flowers

33
Q

Monophyletic

A

a group that includes a common ancestor

34
Q

Apomorphy

A

derived trait that is unique to a particular group

35
Q

Plesiomorphy

A

ancestrial characteristic

36
Q

Hierarchical rankings

A

Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family

37
Q

Biological species concept

A

2 individuals can produce a viable offspring, for animals

38
Q

Morphological species concept

A

identifying species through appearances, for plants

39
Q

Holotype

A

the plant on a paper in an herbaria, the original plant that was collected and identified as that species

40
Q

Isotype

A

additional copies of the holotype

41
Q

Lectotype

A

a replacement holotype

42
Q

Syntype

A

a plant collected by someone else

43
Q

Paratype

A

a mention someone else collected a specimen that was similar and would become a lectotype

44
Q

Neotype

A

a new specimen found to become the holotype, brand new plant

45
Q

Character states

A

a specific characteristic or trait of a plant that can be used to describe, identify, classify the plant species

46
Q

Primitive plant character

A

non-vascular tissues, haploid dominant, wind pollination

47
Q

Derived plant character

A

vascular tissue, flowers, seed production

48
Q

Convergent evolution

A

unrelated organisms independentl evolve similar traits

49
Q

Dioecious

A

staminate and pistillate flowers grow on separate plants

50
Q

Monoecious

A

staminate and pistillate flowers grow on the same plant

51
Q

Radial symmetry

A

central axis with multiple planes of symmetry

52
Q

Bilateral symmetry

A

only one plane of symmetry

53
Q

Ca

A

calyx (sepals)

54
Q

Co

A

corolla, petals

55
Q

A

A

androecium, stamens

56
Q

G

A

gynoecium, carpels

57
Q

What part of a plant produces the fruit?

A

ovary

58
Q

Where do the seeds come from?

A

ovules

59
Q

What about seedless fruit?

A

hybrid plants in which the ovules never develop into seeds

60
Q

Dehiscent

A

dry fruits that split open to release seeds

61
Q

Indehiscent

A

dry fruits that do not split open to release seeds

62
Q

Aggregate fruits

A

many individual carpels in a single flower become the fruit

63
Q

Multiple fruits

A

the carpels of many separate flowers enlarge and form the fruit

Field Botany (3 decks)

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