Exam #1

Question 1

what are the steps of the scientific method?

Answer 1

observation, hypothesis, experiments, conclusion/theory

Question 2

sentence for scientific notation

Answer 2

The Great Mighty King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Under North Pier

Question 3

scientific notation prefixes and symbols

Answer 3

tera (T), giga (G), mega (M), kilo (k), deci (d)
centi (c), milli (m), micro (u), nano (n), pico (p)

Question 4

scientific notation: T

Answer 4

tera- 10^12

Question 5

scientific notation: G

Answer 5

giga- 10^9

Question 6

scientific notation: M

Answer 6

mega- 10^6

Question 7

scientific notation: k

Answer 7

kilo- 10^3

Question 8

scientific notation: d

Answer 8

deci- 10^-1

Question 9

scientific notation: c

Answer 9

centi- 10^-2

Question 10

scientific notation: m

Answer 10

milli- 10^-3

Question 11

scientific notation: u

Answer 11

micro- 10^-6

Question 12

scientific notation: n

Answer 12

nano- 10^-9

Question 13

scientific notation: p

Answer 13

pico- 10^-12

Question 14

specific heat formula

Answer 14

q=m🔼TSH (think of it as mSH*T)

Question 15

Celsius -> Fahrenheit

Answer 15

1.8 (C) + 32

Question 16

Fahrenheit -> Celsius

Answer 16

(F - 32) / 1.8

Question 17

Celsius -> Kelvin

Answer 17

C + 273

Question 18

specific heat of water

Answer 18

1.0 cal/g*C

Question 19

density formula

Answer 19

d = m/v

Question 20

density definition

Answer 20

relationship of the mass of an object ti it’s volume expressed as grams per cubic centimeter, grams per milliliter, or grams per liter

Question 21

pure substance

Answer 21

a type of matter that has a definite composition

Question 22

element

Answer 22

a pure substance containing only one type of matter, which cannot be broken down by chemical methods

Question 23

compound

Answer 23

a pure substance consisting of two or more elements, with a definite composition, that can be broken down into simpler substances only by chemical methods

Question 24

mixture

Answer 24

the physical combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

Question 25

homogenous mixture

Answer 25

(solution) the composition is uniform throughout the sample

Question 26

heterogeneous mixture

Answer 26

the components do not have a uniform composition throughout the sample

Question 27

solid

Answer 27

definite shape and volume

Question 28

liquid

Answer 28

definite volume, not definite shape

Question 29

gas

Answer 29

no definite shape or volume

Question 30

melting

Answer 30

solid -> liquid

Question 31

freezing

Answer 31

liquid -> solid

Question 32

sublimation

Answer 32

solid -> gas

Question 33

deposition

Answer 33

gas -> solid

Question 34

evaporation

Answer 34

liquid -> gas

Question 35

condensation

Answer 35

gas -> liquid

Question 36

potential energy

Answer 36

a type of energy related to position or composition of a substance

Question 37

kinetic energy

Answer 37

the energy of moving particles

Question 38

a person walking, a soaring baseball, and a charged particle in an electric field are all examples of what?

Answer 38

kinetic energy

Question 39

a raised object, a drawn bow, and a chemical bind before it’s broke are all examples of what?

Answer 39

potential energy

Question 40

Calorie (C) vs calorie (c)

Answer 40

1 Cal = 1000 cal “little c” calorie is for chemistry; “big C” Calorie is for food.

Question 41

specific heat

Answer 41

a quantity of heat that changes the temperature of exactly 1g of a substance by exactly 1*C

Question 42

how does a calorimeter work and what parts are involved?

Answer 42

steel combustion chamber in insulated container of water. use ignition wire to catch food sample on fire. stirrer stirs the water to insure even heat distribution, thermometer measures heat of the water as the sample burns.

Question 43

what role does water play in a calorimeter?

Answer 43

we measure the temperature of the water to see how much heat has been released from the sample

Question 44

why is a calorimeter different than the substance being burned?

Answer 44

everything is controlled so it is more accurate

Question 45

heat (q) =

Answer 45

mass (m) x change in temp (🔼T) x specific heat (SH)

Question 46

physical change

Answer 46

a change in which the physical properties of a substance change but it’s identity stays the same

Question 47

chemical change

Answer 47

a change during which the original substance is converted into a new substance that has a different composition and new physical and chemical properties

Question 48

when does the temperature not change?

Answer 48

when the phase is changing

Question 49

heat of fusion

Answer 49

80. cal/g

Question 50

heat of vaporization

Answer 50

540. cal/g

Question 51

heat of sublimation

Answer 51

620. cal/g

Question 52

melting, vaporization

Answer 52

heat absorbed

Question 53

freezing, condensation

Answer 53

heat released