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CHEM 101 > Exam #1 > Flashcards

Exam #1 Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the steps of the scientific method?

A

observation, hypothesis, experiments, conclusion/theory

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2
Q

sentence for scientific notation

A

The Great Mighty King Henry Died By Drinking Chocolate Milk Under North Pier

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3
Q

scientific notation prefixes and symbols

A

tera (T), giga (G), mega (M), kilo (k), deci (d)
centi (c), milli (m), micro (u), nano (n), pico (p)

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4
Q

scientific notation: T

A

tera- 10^12

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5
Q

scientific notation: G

A

giga- 10^9

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6
Q

scientific notation: M

A

mega- 10^6

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7
Q

scientific notation: k

A

kilo- 10^3

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8
Q

scientific notation: d

A

deci- 10^-1

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9
Q

scientific notation: c

A

centi- 10^-2

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10
Q

scientific notation: m

A

milli- 10^-3

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11
Q

scientific notation: u

A

micro- 10^-6

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12
Q

scientific notation: n

A

nano- 10^-9

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13
Q

scientific notation: p

A

pico- 10^-12

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14
Q

specific heat formula

A

q=m🔼TSH (think of it as mSH*T)

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15
Q

Celsius -> Fahrenheit

A

1.8 (C) + 32

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16
Q

Fahrenheit -> Celsius

A

(F - 32) / 1.8

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17
Q

Celsius -> Kelvin

A

C + 273

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18
Q

specific heat of water

A

1.0 cal/g*C

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19
Q

density formula

A

d = m/v

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20
Q

density definition

A

relationship of the mass of an object ti it’s volume expressed as grams per cubic centimeter, grams per milliliter, or grams per liter

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21
Q

pure substance

A

a type of matter that has a definite composition

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22
Q

element

A

a pure substance containing only one type of matter, which cannot be broken down by chemical methods

23
Q

compound

A

a pure substance consisting of two or more elements, with a definite composition, that can be broken down into simpler substances only by chemical methods

24
Q

mixture

A

the physical combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

25
Q

homogenous mixture

A

(solution)
the composition is uniform throughout the sample

26
Q

heterogeneous mixture

A

the components do not have a uniform composition throughout the sample

27
Q

solid

A

definite shape and volume

28
Q

liquid

A

definite volume, not definite shape

29
Q

gas

A

no definite shape or volume

30
Q

melting

A

solid -> liquid

31
Q

freezing

A

liquid -> solid

32
Q

sublimation

A

solid -> gas

33
Q

deposition

A

gas -> solid

34
Q

evaporation

A

liquid -> gas

35
Q

condensation

A

gas -> liquid

36
Q

potential energy

A

a type of energy related to position or composition of a substance

37
Q

kinetic energy

A

the energy of moving particles

38
Q

a person walking, a soaring baseball, and a charged particle in an electric field are all examples of what?

A

kinetic energy

39
Q

a raised object, a drawn bow, and a chemical bind before it’s broke are all examples of what?

A

potential energy

40
Q

Calorie (C) vs calorie (c)

A

1 Cal = 1000 cal
“little c” calorie is for chemistry; “big C” Calorie is for food.

41
Q

specific heat

A

a quantity of heat that changes the temperature of exactly 1g of a substance by exactly 1*C

42
Q

how does a calorimeter work and what parts are involved?

A

steel combustion chamber in insulated container of water. use ignition wire to catch food sample on fire. stirrer stirs the water to insure even heat distribution, thermometer measures heat of the water as the sample burns.

43
Q

what role does water play in a calorimeter?

A

we measure the temperature of the water to see how much heat has been released from the sample

44
Q

why is a calorimeter different than the substance being burned?

A

everything is controlled so it is more accurate

45
Q

heat (q) =

A

mass (m) x change in temp (🔼T) x specific heat (SH)

46
Q

physical change

A

a change in which the physical properties of a substance change but it’s identity stays the same

47
Q

chemical change

A

a change during which the original substance is converted into a new substance that has a different composition and new physical and chemical properties

48
Q

when does the temperature not change?

A

when the phase is changing

49
Q

heat of fusion

A
  1. cal/g
50
Q

heat of vaporization

A
  1. cal/g
51
Q

heat of sublimation

A
  1. cal/g
52
Q

melting, vaporization

A

heat absorbed

53
Q

freezing, condensation

A

heat released

CHEM 101 (2 decks)

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