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NSG 442 Public Health > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

community

A

a social group determined by geographic boundaries and for common values and interests

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2
Q

aggregate

A

collection of people who have common one or more personal or environmental characteristics

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3
Q

what state had the first state health deparment?

A

louisiana

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4
Q

Lillian Wald’s impact in public health nursing

A
  • coined term public health nurse
  • established the Henry Street Settlement house
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5
Q

public health efforts in the 1990s

A

focused more on care of communities and population rather than individuals, families, groups

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6
Q

definition of public health nursing

A

the practice of promoting and protecting the health of populations using knowledge from nursing, social, and public health sciences

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7
Q

public health mission

A
  • promote physical and mental health, and prevent disease, injury, and disability
  • prevents epidemics and the spread of disease
  • protects against environmental hazards
  • prevents injuries
  • promotes and encourages healthy behaviors
  • responds to disasters and assists communities in recovery
  • ensures the quality and accessibility of health services
  • primary features are population focus, community orientation, emphasis on health promotion, and disease prevention, and concern for interventions at a population level
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8
Q

core public health funtions

A
  1. assessment
  2. policy development
  3. assurance
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9
Q

assessment public health function

A
  1. monitor health status to identify community health problems
  2. diagnose and investigate health problems and health hazards in the community
    example: monitor trends of a disease in a certain area
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10
Q

policy development public health function

A
  1. inform, educate, and empower people about health issues
  2. mobilize community partnerships to identify and solve health problems
  3. develop policies and plans that support individual and community health efforts
    example: put together a health fair to educate people about disease and how to preven them
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11
Q

assurance public health function

A
  1. enforce laws and regulations that protect health and ensure safety
  2. link people to needed personal health services and assure the provision of health care when otherwise unavailable
  3. ensure a competent public health and personal health care workforce
  4. evaluate the effectiveness, accessibility, and quality of personal and population-based services
    example: determine how well health department and other non-profit organizations are doing in providing care
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12
Q

personal health care sector

A
  • emphasis on cure of disease and restoration of health
  • services provided in office settings, clinics, etc.
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13
Q

community health care sector

A
  • care provided center on promoting health and preventing disease
  • emphasis on designing health care programs that meet the needs to population groups
  • services provided by official or volunteer health agencies
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14
Q

official health agencies

A
  • agencies of local, state, and national governments that are responsible for the health of the people in their jurisdiction, usually through an elected or appointed governing body
  • supported by tax revenues and other public funding
  • ex.: CDPHE, CDC, Tippecanoe County Health Dept.
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15
Q

voluntary health agencies

A
  • organizations that are formed by groups of people because of their interest in a particular health concern
  • funded primarily by donations
  • ex.: American Heart Association, American Heart Association, etc.
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16
Q

four goals of healthy people 2030

A
  • make environment healthier
  • increase quality and years of healthy life
  • eliminate health disparities
  • protect health throughout life
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17
Q

sustainable development goals

A

Goal 1: no poverty
Goal 2: zero hunger
Goal 3: good health and well-being
Goal 4: quality education
Goal 5: gender equality
Goal 6: clean water and sanitation
Goal 7: affordable and clean energy
Goal 8: decent work and economic growth
Goal 9: industry, innovation, and infrastructure
Goal 10: reduced inequalities
Goal 11: sustainable cities and communities
Goal 12: responsible consumption and production
Goal 13: climate action
Goal 14: life below water
Goal 15: life on land
Goal 16: peace, justice, and strong institutions
Goal 17: partnerships

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18
Q

health belief model

A
  • belief that variables affect the likelihood of initiating action
  • a person’s perceived benefit of action minus their perceived barriers to accomplishing action equals the likelihood that a person
    will take action to change his/her behaviors
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19
Q

goal of levels of prevention

A

designed to halt or reverse the process of pathological change as early as possible, thereby preventing damage

20
Q

primary prevention

A
  • intervention that seeks to promote health
  • prevents disease from developing
  • ex.: immunization programs, sex education, health education
21
Q

secondary prevention

A
  • intervention that seeks to detect disease early in its progression before clinical signs and symptoms become apparent
  • enables early diagnosis and treatment
  • ex.: screening, stress test
22
Q

tertiary prevention

A
  • intervention that begins once the disease is obvious
  • aim is to interrupt the amount of disability that might occur and begin rehabilitation
  • ex.: medications, procedures
23
Q

cognitive domain of education principles

A
  • includes memory, recognition, understanding, and application
  • instructors assess cognitive abilities
  • teaching above or below the client’s level of understanding may lead to frustration
24
Q

affective domain of education principles

A
  • includes changes in attitudes and development of values
  • CHN’s attempt to influence what individuals/families/communities think, value, and feel
  • important to listen to detect clues that may influence learning
25
Q

psychomotor domain of education principles

A
  • includes performance of skills that require some degree of neuromuscular coordination
  • learner must have necessary ability, sensory image, and opportunities to practice the new skills learned
26
Q

what is Leinenger’s theory about?

A

culture

27
Q

culture

A

learned set of ideas, values, and assumptions about life shared by a group of people

28
Q

race

A

group of individuals who share common biological features

29
Q

ethnicity

A

classification of people based on some commonality or affiliation

30
Q

culturally competent care

A
  • care that is consistent with the client’s beliefs
  • care that is based upon the uniqueness and includes cultural norms/values
  • care not focused on cultural values may increase cost and interfere with positive outcomes
31
Q

cultural humility

A
  • lifelong process of self-reflection and self-critique
  • recognize and reflect on assumptions and beliefs
  • respectful attitude toward diverse points of view
32
Q

cultural awareness

A

appreciation of/sensitivity to the client’s/family values, beliefs, practices, lifestyle

33
Q

cultural knowledge

A

information about that culture to provide care (learn as much as you can)

34
Q

cultural skill

A

integration of cultural awareness and clinical knowledge to meet the client’s/family need

35
Q

cultural encounter

A

nurses learn directly from the family life experiences and significance of these experiences for health

36
Q

cultural preservation

A

support use of client’s culture that promote healthy behaviors

37
Q

cultural accomodation

A

integrate culturally relevant practice that lack scientific utility

38
Q

cultural repatterning

A

nurse makes changes in practices that are harmful

39
Q

cultural brokering

A

nurse is the advocate, mediator, negotiator, and intervenes between the health care system and the client’s/family culture

40
Q

stereotyping

A

assuming groups of individuals have certain beliefs/behaviors

41
Q

prejudice

A

deeply held beliefs about a group of people

42
Q

racism

A

the belief that different races possess distinct characteristics, abilities, or qualities, especially so as to distinguish them as inferior or superior to one another

43
Q

ethnocentrism

A

belief that one’s group determines standards for behavior by which all groups are judged

44
Q

cultural shock

A

feelings of discomfort attempting to try to understand a different culture

45
Q

cultural imposition

A

impose one’s beliefs and values/patterns of behavior on one another

46
Q

what famous study was the foundation for CAD?

A

framingham study

47
Q

if you are evaluating a program that you implement, what do you have to have first?

A

a SMART goal

NSG 442 Public Health (1 decks)

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