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Principles of Sociology > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Durkheim’s normative theory of suicide?

A

How social integration (interaction) and social regulation (norms) are causes of suicide.

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2
Q

What is social integration?

A

Interaction- how well one is integrated into their social group/community.

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3
Q

What is social regulation?

A

Norms- the number of rules guiding one’s daily life.

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4
Q

What are the four types of suicide?

A

Altruistic suicide, egoistic suicide, anomic suicide, fatalistic suicide

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5
Q

What is altruistic suicide?

A

Occurs when one experiences too much social integration

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6
Q

What is egoistic suicide?

A

Occurs when one is not integrated enough into a social group

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7
Q

What is anomic suicide?

A

Occurs as a result of too little social regulation

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8
Q

What is fatalistic suicide?

A

Occurs when there is too much social regulation

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9
Q

What is sociology?

A

The study of human society

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10
Q

Who coined the term “sociology?”

A

Auguste Comte

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11
Q

What are the main characteristics of sociology?

A

Study of members of a group, systematic patterns, individual outcomes as consequences of greater social forces, macro-structures and micro-level interactions

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12
Q

What is social imagination?

A

The ability to connect between personal issues and social forces

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13
Q

Who coined the term “social imagination?”

A

C. Wright Mills

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14
Q

What is social structure?

A

Stable patterns of social relations

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15
Q

What are the different levels of social structures?

A

Microstructures (intimate social relation), macrostructures (social relations outside your circle of intimates), global structures (international organizations)

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16
Q

What are the 4 major theoretical traditions of sociology?

A

Functionalism, conflict theory, symbolic interactionism, and feminist theory (including patriarchy)

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17
Q

What is functionalism?

A

Theory suggests all social institutions have a function/serve a purpose for society, shared values

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18
Q

What is conflict theory?

A

Theory that suggests groups in society are in a constant state of conflict as they vie for access to limited resources, inequality and change

19
Q

What is symbolic interactionism?

A

Interpreting symbols encountered in interactions, symbols carry meanings

20
Q

What is feminism?

A

Focus on the patriarchy, how society is stratified by gender and how gender shapes a person’s social experience

21
Q

What are the main criticisms of functionalism?

A

It’s hard to explain social change, disregarding historical process

22
Q

What are the main criticisms of conflict theory?

A

The driving force also involves politics and religion

23
Q

What are the main criticisms of symbolic interactionism?

A

It neglects larger social institutions and social processes, neglects powerful issues of stability and change

24
Q

Who are the major proponents in functionalism?

A

Emile Durkheim and Robert Merton

25
Q

Who are the major proponents in conflict theory?

A

Karl Marx, W.E.B. Dubois, and Max Weber

26
Q

Who are the major proponents in symbolic interactionism?

A

George Herbert Mead and Erving Goffman

27
Q

Who is the major proponent in feminism?

A

Harriet Martineau

28
Q

What is manifest function?

A

Intended and easily observed

29
Q

What is latent function?

A

Unintended and less obvious

30
Q

What is dysfunction?

A

Disruptive consequences

31
Q

What are research methods?

A

Approaches that social scientists use for investigating the answers to questions

32
Q

What is a deductive approach to research?

A

Starts with a theory, then developing a hypothesis, making empirical observations, then analyzing the data

33
Q

What is an inductive approach to research?

A

Starting with an empirical observation, then working to form a theory

34
Q

What is a hypothesis?

A

Proposed relationship between two variables

35
Q

What is the independent variable?

A

The cause

36
Q

What is the dependent variable?

A

The effect/outcome

37
Q

What is participant observation?

A

A qualitative method that seeks to observe social actions in practice

38
Q

What is an interview?

A

A qualitative data gathering technique through asking questions

39
Q

What is a survey?

A

An ordered series of questions intended to elicit info from respondents

40
Q

What is experimentation?

A

Seeks to alter the social world in a very specific way , often involves comparisons to a control group that did not experience such an intervention

41
Q

What are historical methods?

A

Collecting existing documents from written reports, newspapers, etc. that date back to the period under study

42
Q

What is content analysis?

A

A systematic analysis of the content rather than the structure of a communication (a subtype of historical methods)

43
Q

What is comparative research?

A

Two or more entities are compared to learn about the dimension that differs

44
Q

What are the main ethical issues for sociological research?

A

Researchers have to respect their subject’s rights to safety, privacy, confidentiality, and informed consent

Principles of Sociology (1 decks)

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