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ANS 220 X2 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most important reproductive organ?

A

The hypothalamus and the pituitary gland

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2
Q

What are the two centers of the hypothalamus in females?

A

Tonic and surge

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3
Q

What is the only center in males of the hypothalamus?

A

Tonic

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4
Q

What bone surrounds the base of the brain

A

Sphenoid bone

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5
Q

Two function of the sphenoid bone

A

Protection, can take products being secreted from HP/PP and spreads them into capillary network

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6
Q

What cells compose the HP

A

Neurosecretory cells

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7
Q

Functions of the hypothalamus

A

Master regulator, maintains homeostasis

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8
Q

How does the HP connect to the PP?

A

Directly through neurons and the infundibular stalk

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9
Q

What tissue is the PP composed of

A

Neural tissue

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10
Q

Function of PP

A

Site of hormone storage

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11
Q

How does the HP connect to the AP

A

Indirectly through the primary portal plexus and the infundibular stalk

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12
Q

What kind of tissue is the AP composed of

A

Granular tissue

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13
Q

Function of AP

A

Site of hormone storage and synthesis

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14
Q

Main functions of the female reproductive system

A

Hormone production, gamete production, gamete transportation, fertilization, growth & development of offspring, parturition

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15
Q

Function of the ovary

A

Produces gametes and secretes hormones (cytogenic and endocrine)

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16
Q

The four structures of the ovary

A

Tunica albuginia, cortex, medulla, hilus

17
Q

Function of the tunica albuginia of the ovaries

A

Covers and provides support and protection

18
Q

Function of the cortex of the ovary

A

Site of gamete development, outer layer

19
Q

Function of medulla of the ovary

A

Contains a supportive network of the stroma, capillary network, and lymphatic system

20
Q

Function of the hilus of the ovary

A

Brings blood vessels and nutrients to the ovary

21
Q

What species has an inverted ovary

A

Horses

22
Q

What is special about a horse’s ovary

A

Has an ovulation fossa, located within the medulla

23
Q

5 stages of follicle development in order

A

Primordial, primary, secondary, tertiary, antral

24
Q

Primordial follicle

A

Present at birth, one layer of flattened granulosa cells

25
Q

Primary follicle

A

Increases in size from the primordial follicle, oocyte is now surrounded by cuboidal granulosa cells

26
Q

Secondary follicle

A

Adds one layer from the primary follicle for two layers of follicular cells. No atrum

27
Q

Which follicle starts the formation of thecal and granulosa cells

A

Secondary

28
Q

Tertiary follicle

A

Several layers of follicular cells, granulosa and thecal cells formed, antrum forms

29
Q

Granulosa cell functions

A

Provides support to oocytes and produces hormones

30
Q

Thecal cell functions

A

Provides protection and produces hormones

31
Q

Antral follicle

A

Antrum is now large and takes up a majority of the follicle, can rupture and ovulate cumulus oocyte complex, is dominant

ANS 220 X2 (1 decks)

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