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WESTERN CIV > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Western civilization

A

Civilization that begins in Middle East and Europe

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2
Q

Primary sources

A

Pictures from that time, first hand accounts from that time, could be fact or biased, made in the heat of the moment.

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3
Q

Secondary source

A

Written after an event ex: a biography

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4
Q

Periodization

A

A huge topic/era broken Dow into smaller periods.

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5
Q

When does the Roman Empire fall?

A

Officially in 1453 AD

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6
Q

Byzantium

A

City that survived the Roman Empire fall.

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7
Q

Paleolithic Era

A

10,000-3500 BC, “new Stone Age”; people used bow and arrows, fishhooks, development of agriculture, domestication of animals. Development of tools: sickles, postal & mortor.

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8
Q

Mesopotamia

A

Land between the two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates), rivers are unpredictable, exposed to attack, warfare is constant, pessimistic outlook.

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9
Q

Mesopotamian Myth Cycle

A

Hero god slays a dragon then uses the dragons body to make the earth, polytheistic thinking.

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10
Q

Sumerians

A

Lived in the southern part of Mesopotamia, dominated from 3500-2300 BC. Developed a calendar based off of the moon, invented the sail ship, and the wheel.

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11
Q

Entail

A

Hero god of the sumarians

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12
Q

Marduk

A

Hero god of the babylonians

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13
Q

Asher

A

Hero god of the Assyrians

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14
Q

Sargon of Akkad

A

(2334-2279 BC) King of the 4 regions. Saves the Sumerian culture, came into power by overthrowing the King of Kish to become King. He then overthrows the other Sumer cities.

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15
Q

Hammurabi

A

(1792-1750 BC) King who created a law system.

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16
Q

Code of Hammurabi

A

List of the laws of Babylon. Entails a 3 class system of: aristocrats, ordinary people, and slaves. It attempted fairness by “eye for an eye”

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17
Q

Epic of Gilgamesh

A

About the Sumerian king, Gilgamesh, which becomes a source of pessimism that everyone dies.

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18
Q

Hittites and Kassites

A

Domesticated horses, remade the wheel (spoke wheel), leads to chariot.

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19
Q

1595 BC

A

Hittites seize Babylon and burn it.

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20
Q

Mesopotamia Dark Age

A

The kassites are in Mesopotamia

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21
Q

Assyria

A

Comes to dominate Mesopotamia in 900 BC. They have broader mental concepts. Very serious about warfare and military technology.

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22
Q

Siege War technology

A

Battering rams, towers, ways to get into city, instill fear.

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23
Q

Tiglath Pileser III

A

(745-727 BC) 1st major Assyrian king, defeats Israel.

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24
Q

Sargon II

A

(727-705 BC) Called the “good Assyrian” Sees himself as the successor of Sargon, builds Naveah, defeats Cimmerians, “protector of civilization”

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25
Q

Sennacherib

A

(705-681 BC) Established control over the Middle East and made moves against Jerusalem.

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26
Q

Esarhaddon

A

(681-669 BC) Faced major revolt from Babylon, lost control of Egypt and Egypt fights back, new nomads come and another revolt from Chaldeans.

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27
Q

Imperial overstretch

A

Great power tries to do too much, stretch resources.

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28
Q

Ashurbanipal

A

(669-626 BC) Faced major revolt from Babylon, lost control of Egypt and Egypt fights back. New nomads come and another Chaldean revolt.

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29
Q

Chaldeans

A

“New Babylonians” Used astrology which lead to astronomy.

30
Q

Nebuchadnezzar

A

(604-562 BC) Chaldean king that destroyed the temple of Jerusalem in 586 BC.

31
Q

Heropotus

A

“Father of history” and first to write about Egypt

32
Q

Egyptian form of writing

A

Heiroglyphs and papyrus

33
Q

Rosetta Stone

A

Made Egyptian heiroglyphs understandable.

34
Q

Egypt Land Advantage

A

Isolated from the outside due to sea, deserts, and mountains.

35
Q

Namer

A

Unifier of Egypt, wove upper and lower Egypt culture together

36
Q

Re

A

God of the sun, makes sun move across the sky. Chief of gods.

37
Q

Anubis

A

Controls roam of the dead, human body Jekyll head.

38
Q

Osiris, Isis, and Set.

A

Lower Egypt gods, Associated with the flood of the Nile (depending on when Osiris is dead.

39
Q

Pharoah

A

Ruler of Egypt, god among the people, when he dies he joins the gods.

40
Q

Old Kingdom (2575–2125 BC)

A

Ruled from Memphis, 1st pyramid built during reign of Zoser (2650-2620 BC) There was no slavery during this time. The greatest builder Khufu (2545-2515 BC) built another pyramid and the sphinx. Ended due to fighting in the south, weakness in dynasty, and instability.

41
Q

Middle Kingdom (2010-1630 BC)

A

Ruled from Thebes, no slavery during this time, idea of Ma’at (good life or bad life), worshipped Amun, Hyksos overrun lower Egypt and gain control.

42
Q

New Kingdom (1539-1069 BC)

A

Pharoah has to step up, Hyksos defeated.

43
Q

Kamose

A

First warrior pharoah, dies in 1539 against Hyksos.

44
Q

Ahmose (1529-1514 BC)

A

Pharoah that defeats the Hyksos and attacks into Asia.

45
Q

Priests of Amun-re

A

Governs Egypt while the Pharoah is gone.

46
Q

Thatmose 1

A

(1493-1481 BC) Euphrates was a big deal and leads to the question about their civilization.

47
Q

Pyramids

A

Act as a proclamation of faith, replace war, and to worship the Pharoah.

48
Q

Thutmose III

A

(1458-1426 BC) Most powerful Pharoah, had Egypt and some Asia under his control.

49
Q

Amunhotep

A

(1353-1336 BC) Wants to be called “Akhenaten” to honor Aten the sun god. People saw this as disrespectful and this choice was suppressed.

50
Q

Tutankhamen

A

(1332-1322 BC) Changed name to ‘Tutankhamen’ to honor the old gods, most famous Pharaoh, the boy king.

51
Q

Ramases II

A

(1279-1213 BC) Last great pharaoh, builds the temple of Luxor. Believed to be the Pharoah in Exodus.

52
Q

Exodus

A

1270 BC when the Hebrews left Egypt

53
Q

Hebrews

A

Semitic speakers, most likely originated in Mesopotamia, moved west to Egypt. Moses arose and lead Hebrews out of Egypt.

54
Q

Moses

A

Hidden baby found by the pharaohs daughter. Discovered Hebrew roots and began rallying. Seen as a prophet. Seen as someone who started Judaism and monotheism.

55
Q

525 BC

A

Egypt Conquered by Persians

56
Q

David

A

(1005-973 BC) Defeats the Phillistines, 1st great king, son of Solomon.

57
Q

Solomon

A

(973-933 BC) Built up Jerusalem, built the temple.

58
Q

Prophetic revolution

A

Limited monotheism to Thorough monotheism

59
Q

Nebuchadnezzar

A

Destroys the temple (in 586 BC) and takes people to Babylon.

60
Q

Cyrus the Great

A

539 BC conquers Babylon with Persians

61
Q

2nd Hebrew Temple

A

Built in 500 BC, smaller

62
Q

Jude’s

A

Hebrew province under Persian control

63
Q

Deutero-Isaiah

A

“2nd Isaiah” , says God will send a messiah

64
Q

Messianic Promise

A

The promise that God will send a messiah

65
Q

St. Luke

A

Judaism figure

66
Q

Hellenic Age

A

(800-338 BC) “Greek Age”

67
Q

Heinrich Schliemann

A

(1822- 1890 AD) Loved the Iliad and the Odyssey. Argued that the psychology of the Iliad makes it real. Makes it his mission to find Troy and succeeds

68
Q

Sir Arthur Evans

A

Focused on Crete myths about king Minos and the Minotaur, Finds evidence of civilization on Crete.

69
Q

Minoan Civ.

A

(2100-1400 BC) Found in Crete, uses a “Linear A” writing system, major city of Knossos, luxurious people, gifted in art, the bull was an important part of culture, volcano Thera knocked most of the city into the sea (Atlantis).

70
Q

Mycenaean Civ.

A

(2200-1200 BC) Discovered by Schliemann, used “Linear B” writing system, warfare drove life, Ionian Greeks

71
Q

Trojan War

A

Stated around 1250 BC and ended 1180.

WESTERN CIV (1 decks)

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