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A&P 1 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which organelle is produced with assistance from the nucleoli?

A

ribosomes

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2
Q

If a person needs to produce ATP faster than they can acquire oxygen through breathing, what type of cellular respiration will need to be used?

A

Anaerobic resp

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3
Q

A solution that contains a high concentration of salts relative to the cytosol of a cell is a(n) _____.

A

hypertonic

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4
Q

How many nucleotides are needed to form a codon?

A

3

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5
Q

How many cells does the human body have?

A

75 trillion

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6
Q

In _____, the sequence of bases in DNA determines the sequence of bases in mRNA. The process occurs in the _____.

A

transcription and nucleus

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7
Q

During what phase of mitosis does the nuclear envelope disappear and the chromosomes condense?

A

prophase

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8
Q

Mitotic cell division produces _____ daughter cells with _____ chromosome content as the parent cell.

A

2 and identical

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9
Q

The paired chromosomes separate and migrate towards the poles of a cell during _____.

A

anaphase

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10
Q

For facilitated diffusion to occur it requires _____.

A

carrier proteins

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11
Q

The cellular structure that is composed mostly of a lipid bilayer with imbedded proteins is the _____.

A

plasma membrane

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12
Q

In mitotic division, the division of the parent cell occurs by _____ during _____.

A

cytokinesis, telophase

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13
Q

How many types of cells does the human body have?

A

300

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14
Q

Sperm is unique amongst human cells because _____.

A

they have a flaggelum

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15
Q

The _____ acts as the cell’s “post office” by sorting, processing, and packaging materials to be transported within the cell or excreted.

A

Golgi complex

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16
Q

The _____ are sites of protein synthesis within cells.

A

ribosomes

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17
Q

The genetic code of _____is formed by the sequence of nitrogenous _____in its nucleotides.

A

DNA and base

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18
Q

The numerous short hair-like projections that move things across the surface of cells are _____.

A

cillia

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19
Q

Mitosis is division of the _____. In mitotic cell division, following cytokinesis there are _____ cells.

A

nucleus 2

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20
Q

Drinking a fluid that is hypertonic, like seawater, is likely to do which?

A

draw fluid out of the body, making you thirstier than before.

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21
Q

_____ contain digestive enzymes and are used to clean up the cell, digest bacteria that have entered the cell, or break down worn-out organelles.

A

lyzomes

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22
Q

In mitotic division, replication of chromosomes occurs during _____.

A

interphase

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23
Q

Which organelle is produced with assistance from the nucleoli?

A

ribosomes

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24
Q

A nucleotide that RNA uses but DNA does not is _____.

A

uracil

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25
Q

One key difference between mitotic cell division and meiotic cell division is that mitotic cell division occurs in _____ cells while meiotic cell division only occurs in _____ cells.

A

somatic; sex

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26
Q

If you surveyed a population of cells, in which phase would most cells likely be?

A

interphase

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27
Q

If a 5% glucose solution (A) is separated from a 10% glucose solution (B) by a semipermeable membrane that is permeable to both glucose and water, glucose will diffuse from_____, and water will move via osmosis from _____.

A

B to A; A to B

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28
Q

Materials are packaged in vesicles for transport by the _____.

A

golgi

29
Q

After being produced, _____ provides the blueprint for assembling proteins.

A

mRNA

30
Q

The _____ is the organelle active in most of the lipid and carbohydrate synthesis within the cell.

A

smooth endoplasmic reticulum

31
Q

Cellular respiration requires _____ to break down organic nutrients to release energy, which is captured in high energy _____ bonds.

A

oxygen and phospate

32
Q

_____ cellular respiration occurs in _____ and produces most of the ATP formed by cellular respiration.

A

aerobic

33
Q

If a blood cell is immersed in a solution that causes water to move out of the cell, the solution is a/an _____ solution.

A

hypertonic

34
Q

Cells of _____muscle tissue have striations with multiple nuclei, and this tissue is _____in function.

A

cardiac; involuntary

35
Q

_____are specialized in generating and transmitting nerve impulses.

A

Neurons

36
Q

_____ contains widely spaced collagen and elastic fibers, and is the most abundant connective tissue in the body.

A

Areloar tissue

37
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of epithelial tissues?

A
38
Q

A single layer of square-like cells describes which of the following tissues?

A

simple cubidoal epithilum

39
Q

The tissue that contracts to provide force is the _____tissue.

A

muscle tissue

40
Q

_____secrete mucus.

A

goblet cells

41
Q

Which of the following is NOT a type of protein fibers in connective tissues?

A
42
Q

Which of the following cell types would be found in places such as the kidneys or the secretory portions of some glands?

A

simple cubidoal epithilum

43
Q

_____ cover(s)the body surface.

A

epithileal

44
Q

_____forms the larynx and part of the nose, and provides protective covering on the bone surfaces forming freely movable joints.

A

hyaline cartilage

45
Q

_____tissue(s) can be characterized as striated and voluntary.

A

skeletal

46
Q

Which of the following cover(s) the brain and spinal cord?

A

meniges

47
Q

_____is located in the intervertebral discs to absorb shock.

A

fibrocartilage

48
Q

_____ is found lining the urinary bladder and is specialized to stretch and return to its original shape.

A

Transitional epithelium

49
Q

The membranes that line the cavities of freely movable joints are referred to as _____.

A

synivoal membranes

50
Q

The matrix of bone is formed in circular layers called _____.

A

lamelle

51
Q

The tissue that detects changes and coordinates body functions is the _____tissue.

A

nervous tissue

52
Q

_____is found lining many respiratory passageways and may include specialized mucus-secreting goblet cells.

A

Pseudostritified columnar epithelium

53
Q

The connective tissue with a matrix of calcium salts and some collagen fibers is _____.

A

Areloar tissue

54
Q

Connective tissue membranes usually consist of _____.

A
55
Q

_____produce the ground substance and protein fibers in connective tissues.

A

Fibroblasts

56
Q

The tissue that covers the body surface, body cavities, and organ surfaces is the _____tissue.

A

Epithelial tissues

57
Q

Compact bone is arranged in concentric circles around _____, and smaller _____bring nutrients to osteocytes.

A

central canal; canculi

58
Q

The connective tissue that helps insulate the body, cushions internal organs, and stores excess nutrient energy is _____tissue.

A

adipose tissue

59
Q

The various types of epithelial tissues are classified by _____.

A

cell shape and the number of cell layers.

60
Q

The membranes that line the tubes or cavities that have openings to the external environment are referred to as _____.

A

mucous membranes

61
Q

_____is the main tissue in ligaments and tendons.

A

dense connective tissue

62
Q

The tissue that binds organs together and provides protection and support for the organs is the _____tissue.

A

connective tissue

63
Q

Dense regular connective tissue consists of tightly packed _____.

A

collagen fibers

64
Q

_____are the fluid-filled spaces in which the osteocytes of bone reside.

A

lancunae

65
Q

Simple _____ epithelium occurs where diffusion, osmosis, and filtration are important functions within body organs.

A

squamous

66
Q

_____are neuronal processes.

A

dendrites

67
Q

_____tissue(s) is(are) found in the walls of stomach and intestines; its(their) contractions are slow and involuntary.

A

smooth muscle

68
Q

_____ is found lining the intestines and is important in the secretion and absorption of substances.

A

simple columnar epithelium

69
Q

Glands are formed from _____.

A

epithelal tissue

A&P 1 (3 decks)

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