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Gross Anatomy > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Trapezius: Proximal Attachment

A

External occipital protuberance, ligament nuchae, spinous process C7-T12

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2
Q

Trapezius: Distal Attachment

A

Scapular spine, acromial process, lateral/distal 1/3 clavicle

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3
Q

Trapezius: Innervation/vasculature

A

Spinal accessory n. (CN XI), superficial transverse cervical artery

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4
Q

Trapezius: Action(s)

A

Elevation, superior rotation, adduction of scapula

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5
Q

Latissimus dorsi: Proximal Attachment

A

Iliac crest, spinous process of T6-T12, ribs, inferior angle of scapula

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6
Q

Latissimus dorsi: Distal Attachment

A

Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus

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7
Q

Latissimus dorsi: Innervation/vasculature

A

Thoracodorsal n., Middle subscapular nn. (C6-C8), subscapular a.

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi: Action(s)

A

Internal rotation, extension, adduction of glenohumeral joint; accessory muscle for expiration

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9
Q

Rhomboid minor: Proximal Attachment

A

Spinous process C7-T1

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10
Q

Rhomboid minor: Distal Attachment

A

Medial border of scapula

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11
Q

Rhomboid minor: Innervation/vasculature

A

Dorsal scapular n. (C4-C5), dorsal scapular a.

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12
Q

Rhomboid minor: Action(s)

A

Elevation, inferior rotation, and retraction/adduction of scapula

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13
Q

Rhomboid major: Proximal Attachment

A

Spinous process T2-T5

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14
Q

Rhomboid major: Distal Attachment

A

Medial border of scapula inferior to scapular spine

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15
Q

Rhomboid major: Innervation/vasculature

A

Dorsal scapular n. (C4-C5), dorsal scapular a.

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16
Q

Rhomboid major: Action(s)

A

Elevation, inferior rotation, and retraction/adduction of scapula

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17
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior: Proximal Attachment

A

Supraspinatus lig, spinous process C7-T3

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18
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior: Distal Attachment

A

Superior border of ribs 2-5

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19
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior: Innervation/vasculature

A

Intercostal n. ventral rami T1-T5, posterior intercostal aa.

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20
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior: Action(s)

A

Elevate upper ribs; inspiration

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21
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior: Proximal Attachment

A

Supraspinous lig. Spinous process T11-T12

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22
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior: Distal Attachment

A

Inferior border of ribs 9-12

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23
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior: Innervation/vasculature

A

Intercostal n. ventral rami T9-T12, posterior intercostal aa.

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24
Q

Serratus Posterior Inferior: Action(s)

A

Depress lower ribs; expiration

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25
Q

Splenius capitis: Proximal Attachment

A

Ligament nuchae, spinous process C7-T3

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26
Q

Splenius capitis: Distal Attachment

A

Lateral superior nuchal line, mastoid process

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27
Q

Splenius capitis: Innervation/vascualture

A

Dorsal rami of C2-C3, occipital a.

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28
Q

Splenius capitis: Action(s)

A

Neck/head extension/bend, ipsilateral side bend/rotation of head

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29
Q

Splenius cervicis: Proximal Attachment

A

Spinous process T3-T6

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30
Q

Splenius cervicis: Distal Attachment

A

Transverse process C3-C6

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31
Q

Splenius cervicis: Innervation/vasculature

A

Dorsal rami of spinal nn., occiptal a., posterior intercostal a.

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32
Q

Splenius capitis: Action(s)

A

Neck extension/bend, ipsilateral side bend/rotation of neck

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33
Q

Iliocostalis Lumborum: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Lateral erector spinae, iliac crest
Distal: Inferior border of angle of rib 6-7
EXPIRATION

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34
Q

Iliocostalis Thoracis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Superior angle of ribs 7-12, medial tendon of lumborum
Distal: Superior angle of ribs 1-6, C7 transverse process
EXPIRATION

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35
Q

Iliocostalis Cervicis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Superior angle of ribs 3-6
Distal: Posterior tubercle of transverse process C4-C6

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36
Q

Iliocostalis: Action(s)

A

Bilateral back extension/bend, Unilateral ipsilateral back side bend/rotation L/R

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37
Q

Longissimus Thoracis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: erector spinae, thoracolumbar fascia, transverse/maxillary process of lumbar vertebra
Distal: Transverse process of all thoracic vertebrae, lower 10 ribs tubercles/angles`

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38
Q

Longissimus Cervicis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Transverse process T1-T5
Distal: Posterior tubercle of transverse process C2-C6

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39
Q

Longissimus Capitis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Transverse process C4-T5
Distal: Mastoid process

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40
Q

Longissimus: Action(s)

A

Bilateral back extension, head/neck extension ipsilateral back side bend/rotation; ipsilateral rotation of neck/head

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41
Q

Spinalis Thoracis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: L2 spinous process
Distal: spinous process of thoracic vertebrae

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42
Q

Spinalis Cervicis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Spinous process T1-T2; ligament nuchae
Distal: spinous process C1-C4

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43
Q

Spinalis Capitis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Spinous process C7 and T1
Distal: superior nuchal line with semispinalis (merges)

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44
Q

Spinalis: Action(s)

A

Back extension; ipsilateral back side bend/rotation

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45
Q

Multifidi: Proximal Attachment

A

Sacrum (only muscle to attach posteriorly here), posterior superior iliac spine (PSIS), sacroiliac ligament, lumbar mamillary process, transverse process T12-C4

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46
Q

Multifidi: Distal Attachment

A

Lateral aspect and tips of the spinous process of vertebrae 2-5 levels above until C2 (only muscle in laminar groove below L2)

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47
Q

Multifidi: Action(s)

A

Back extension, ipsilateral back side bend, contralateral rotation

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48
Q

Semispinalis Thoracis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Transverse process T6-T10
Distal: Spinous process T4-T6

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49
Q

Semispinalis Cervicis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Transverse process T1-T6
Distal: Spinous process C2-C5

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50
Q

Semispinalis Capitis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Transverse process of C7-T7, articular process C4-C6
Distal: Between superior/inferior nuchal line, deep to trapezius (C2 pierces capitis for dermatome: greater occipital n.)

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51
Q

Semispinalis: Action(s)

A

Back extension, ipsilateral back side bend, contralateral rotation, (cervicis/capitis: head extension, ipsilateral head side bend, contralateral head rotation)

52
Q

Rotator Longus/Brevis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Transverse process T2-T12
Distal: spinous process: 1 level up (brevis), 2 levels up (longus)

53
Q

Rotator Longus/Brevis: Innveration/vasculature

A

Dorsal rami, posterior intercostal aa.

54
Q

Rotator Longus/Brevis: Action(s)

A

Back extension, ipsilateral side bend, contralateral rotation

55
Q

Intertransversarii: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Transverse process inferior vertebra
Distal: transverse process superior vertebra

56
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: posterior tubercle of atlas
Distal: medial inferior nuchal line

57
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor: Innervation/vasculature

A

Distal rami of C1 (suboccipital n.), vertebral/occipital a.

58
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor: Action(s)

A

Head extension

59
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Spinous process of axis
Distal: Lateral inferior nuchal line

60
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major: Innervation/vasculature

A

Dorsi rami of C1 (suboccipital n.), occipital a.

61
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major: Action(s)

A

Head extension, ipsilateral rotation

62
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Apex of axis spinous process
Distal” Transverse process of atlas

63
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior: Innervation/vasculature

A

Dorsal rami C1 (suboccipital n.), vertebral/occipital a.

64
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior: Action(s)

A

Neck extension, ipsilateral side bend/rotation

65
Q

Obliquus capitis superior: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Transverse process of atlas
Distal: between superior and inferior nuchal line

66
Q

Obliquus capitis superior: Innveration/vasculature

A

Dorsal rami C1 (suboccipital n.), vertebral./occipital a.

67
Q

Obliquus capitis superior: Action(s)

A

Head extension, ipsilateral side bend, contralateral rotation

68
Q

Suboccipital Triangle: Boundary

A

Medial: rectus capitis posterior major
Lateral: Obliquus capitis superior
Inferior: Obliquus capitis inferior

69
Q

Suboccipital Triangle: Innervation/vasculature

A

Greater occipital n. (C2 sensory only), vertebral a.

70
Q

Suboccipital Triangle: Contents/pathologies

A

Contents: Suboccipital n. dorsal rami C1
Pathologies: Headache: greater occipital neuralgia/cervicogenic headache

71
Q

Gluteus Maximus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Ilium, posterior sacrum, coccyx
Distal: Posterior aspect of IT ban; gluteal tuberosity of femur

72
Q

Gluteus Maximus: Innervation/vasculature

A

Inferior gluteal n./inferior gluteal a.

73
Q

Gluteus Maximus: Action(s)

A

Extends thigh, lateral rotation of hip, stabilizer of hip

74
Q

Gluteus Medius: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: external ilium
Distal: Lateral aspect of greater trochanter

75
Q

Gluteus Medius: Innervation/vasculature

A

Superior gluteal n./superior gluteal a.

76
Q

Gluteus Medius: Action(s)

A

Abducts hip, medial rotation of thigh, pelvic stabilizer

77
Q

Gluteus Minimus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: External ilium
Distal: anterior aspect of greater trochanter

78
Q

Gluteus Minimus: Innervation/vasculature

A

Superior gluteal n./superior gluteal a.

79
Q

Gluteus Minimus: Action(s)

A

Abducts hip, medial rotation of thigh, pelvic stabilizer

80
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Lateral aspect of iliac crest, tubercle of crest
Distal: IT band

81
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae: Innervation/vasculature

A

superior gluteal n./ lateral circumflex femoral a.

82
Q

Tensor Fasciae Latae: Action(s)

A

Knee stability, medial/lateral thigh rotation

83
Q

Piriformis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Anterior sacrum
Distal: greater trochanter

84
Q

Piriformis: Innervation

A

Nerve to piriformis

85
Q

Piriformis: Action(s)

A

Abducts flexed femur, lateral rotation of extended femur

86
Q

Obturator Internus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: anterior pelvis wall, deep surface of obturator membrane
Distal: greater trochanter

87
Q

Obturator Internus: Innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus

88
Q

Obturator Internus: Action(s)

A

Abducts flexed femur, lateral rotation of extended femur

89
Q

Superior Gemellus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: External surface of ischial spine
Distal: Obturator internus tendon, greater trochanter

90
Q

Superior Gemellus: Innervation

A

Nerve to obturator internus

91
Q

Superior Gemellus: Action(s)

A

Abduct flexed femur, lateral rotation of extended femur

92
Q

Inferior Gemellus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: upper ischial tuberosity
Distal: Inferior obturator internus tendon, greater trochanter

93
Q

Inferior Gemellus: Innervation

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

94
Q

Inferior Gemellus: Action(s)

A

Abduct flexed femur, lateral rotation of extended femur

95
Q

Quadratus Femoris: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Lateral aspect of ischium
Distal: Quadrate tubercle on intertrochanteric crest of femur

96
Q

Quadratus Femoris: Innervation

A

Nerve to quadratus femoris

97
Q

Quadratus Femoris: Action(s)

A

Lateral rotation of femur

98
Q

Sartorius: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
Distal: Medial surface of tibia

99
Q

Sartorius: Innervation/vasculature

A

Femoral a./n.

100
Q

Sartorius: Action(s)

A

Flex, abduct, and laterally rotate thigh; flex leg

101
Q

Iliopsoas: Proximal/Distal Attachments:

A

Proximal: Combines with psoas major and iliacus mm. at L5-S2
Distal: Lesser trochanter

102
Q

Iliopsoas: Innervation/vasculature

A

Femoral n., ventral rami L1-L3/ Iliolumbar a., femoral a.

103
Q

Iliopsoas: Action(s)

A

Flexion, lateral rotation of thigh; Flexion of trunk at hip

104
Q

Pectineus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Pectineal line of pubis
Distal: Posterior, proximal femur

105
Q

Pectineus: Innervation/vasculature

A

Femoral n., some obturator n./Medial circumflex a.

106
Q

Pectineus: Action(s)

A

Adduct and flex thigh

107
Q

Obturator Externus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: External surface of obturator membrane
Distal: Trochanteric fossa

108
Q

Obturator Externus: Inervation/vasculature

A

Obturator n., a., and medial circumflex aa.

109
Q

Obturator Externus: Action(s)

A

Laterally rotate thigh

110
Q

Gracilis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus
Distal: Medial surface of proximal tibia

111
Q

Gracilis: Innervation/vasculature

A

Obturator n., a., medial circumflex a.

112
Q

Gracilis: Action(s)

A

Adduct thigh, flex knee

113
Q

Adductor Longus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: External pubis, lateral pubic symphysis
Distal: Linea aspera

114
Q

Adductor Longus: Innervation/vasculature

A

Obturator n., a., medial circumflex a.

115
Q

Adductor Longus: Action(s)

A

Adduct and medially rotate thigh

116
Q

Adductor Brevis: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: External pubic surface, inferior pubic ramus
Distal: Posterior proximal femur, upper linea aspera

117
Q

Adductor Brevis: Innervation/vasculature

A

Obturator n., a., medial circumflex a.

118
Q

Adductor Brevis: Action(s)

A

Adduct and medially rotate thigh

119
Q

Biceps Femoris: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: LH-ischial tuberosity SH-lateral lip of linea aspera
Distal: head of fibula

120
Q

Biceps Femoris: Innervation/vasculature

A

LH-tibial division of sciatic n.
SH-common fibular division of sciatic n.,
Both supplied by profunda femoris a., inferior gluteal a., branches of popliteal a.

121
Q

Biceps Femoris: Action(s)

A

LH-extend thigh
Both flex and laterally rotate leg

122
Q

Semitendinosus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Ischial tuberosity
Distal: pes anserinus

123
Q

Semitendinosus: Innervation/vasculature

A

Tibial division of sciatic n./profunda femoris a., inferior gluteal a., popliteal a.

124
Q

Semitendinosus: Action(s)

A

Extend thigh, flex and medially rotate leg

125
Q

Semimembranosus: Proximal/Distal Attachments

A

Proximal: Ischial tuberosity
Distal: Medial/posterior surface of medial tibial condyle

126
Q

Semimembranosus: Innervation/vasculature

A

Tibial division of sciatic n./ profunda femoris a., inferior gluteal a., popliteal a.

127
Q

Semimembranosus: Action(s)

A

Extend thigh, flex and medially rotates leg

Gross Anatomy (1 decks)

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